Agricultural cooperatives had “morning markets” and “garden sales” as the predecessors of direct sales stores, while fishermen’s cooperatives had “morning markets” and “peddlings” that were direct sales. Despite the existence of this form of distribution, cooperatives were in a hurry. We are embarking on direct sales office management. However, what kind of situation is the region exposed to in the progress of globalization? In response to this, what kind of logic has expanded today’s measures for local production for local consumption? What is the current state of wholesale market distribution and agricultural and fishery issues? The trends of agricultural and fishermen’s cooperatives regarding local production for local consumption and the development of direct sales shops are confirmed, along with discussions on local production for local consumption and direct sales shops, and a glimpse of the problems faced by modern cooperatives. Japan faces international market competition due to its inclusion in the global market and the overseas transfer of production bases such as companies. Hollowing out of local economies in Japan due to economic downturn, economic contraction in farming, mountain and fishing villages due to sluggish prices of agricultural and fishery products, fresh food. It seems that there are various difficult problems such as the rigidity of product distribution. In particular, there are many previous studies on the effects of globalization on the Japanese economy, one of which is the globalization and safety of food. Food security is an important policy issue for any country, but globally, the problem of food security has a strong aspect of securing food quantity, and is mainly taken up as a problem in developing countries. It seems that there is The globalization of the food market has replaced the biological instability factors inherent in agriculture with science and technology, and the introduction of engineering technology into the food industry has led to a shift from market transactions to contract farming. It means the so-called industrialization of agriculture. Industrialization of agriculture has led to the concentration of companies in the food industry and the formation of a global food market. are threatening the Japan is also suffering from the collapse of food safety and security caused by the contamination of imported agricultural products with harmful substances and the issue of disguising the production area. Natural disasters, radioactive contamination, etc. Consumer’s distrust of food is no longer in check. Under such circumstances, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries decided in 2005 as a rival to the wide-area mass distribution system, the Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas, which defined local production for local consumption as “agricultural production that responds to the needs of local consumers.” , Efforts to connect producers and consumers through activities that try to consume the produced agricultural products in the region. It is a well-known fact that local production for local consumption and food education policies have spread like never before and are developing as a national movement. The government positions direct sales shops as a core initiative for local production for local consumption, and by creating new distribution channels for agricultural products. Aiming to diversify farmer income, revitalize rural areas, promote sales of local agricultural and fishery products, etc., various measures and grants. It goes without saying that he has implemented a gold policy. According to the Health Division of the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, there are various risks in agricultural management, such as yield reductions and market price drops due to natural disasters. It is important for farmers to raise their awareness of preparing themselves for such risks and to use insurance. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries provides two types of insurance (agricultural insurance): income insurance and agricultural mutual aid. Agricultural insurance is public insurance, and part of the premium is subsidized by the government. Also, in the event of a major disaster, government reinsurance provides solid coverage. Income insurance is for those who have filed a blue tax return. In principle, all agricultural products are widely compensated not only for natural disasters and price declines, but also for income losses that cannot be avoided by farmer’s management efforts. Mutual Aid Health is for all farmers. Compensation for loss of rice, wheat, field crops, fruit trees, livestock, agricultural greenhouses, etc. caused by natural disasters. Income insurance is implemented by the National Federation of Agricultural Mutual Aid Associations (NOSAI All United Nations), and is handled by the agricultural mutual aid associations in each region. Agricultural Mutual Aid Associations (NOSAI) in each region are responsible for window services. Agricultural insurance is public insurance based on the Agricultural Insurance Law (No. 185 of 1947), and part of the insurance premiums is subsidized by the government. It seems that it can be compensated well. The buds of the Japanese angelica tree are buds of a deciduous shrub of the Araliaceae family called aralia. The apical buds that appear at the tips of the branches are harvested and eaten. What is packed in the store is the apical bud of the taranogi. At first glance, it looks like a small size, but in fact, I think this is our ideal size. When the buds of the Japanese angelica tree grow too much, they become bitter and acrid. For this reason, buds of 3 to 5 cm and leaves that are slightly open are said to be good. Younger shoots can be harvested, but the fact is that it is not recommended because the unique flavor is weak and the portion that is eaten is small. Wild vegetables have a strong lye and a strong bitterness and acridness, but the sprouts are characterized by less bitterness and easier to eat. It is called “mountain butter” due to its springy texture and flavor, and is commonly used for tempura, but it can also be simply boiled and eaten in a dipping sauce, sesame dressing, or stir-fried in oil. Depending on the region, it is also called ‘Tarambo’ or ‘Oni no Kanabo’. Agricultural land use allocation plan approval announcement (April 21, 2022) [Annaka City]: In accordance with the provisions of Article 18, Paragraph 1 of the Act on Promotion of Farmland Intermediate Management Business (Act No. 101 of 2013), agricultural land use allocation Authorize the plan as follows. Governor of Gunma Prefecture: 1. Outline of Agricultural Land Utilization Allocation Plan, List of Outlines of Agricultural Land Utilization Allocation Plan (April 21, 2022) Persons Receiving Establishment of Lease Right, etc. Land Area Receiving Establishment of Lease Right, Shigeyuki Yokota（Also a Fatsia sprouts producer）, An 3561 Hitomi Nishinakahara, Matsuida Town, Annaka City, and 1 other 0.57 hectare. Annaka City has a flat land with an altitude of 110 meters and a hilly area with an altitude of 600 meters. Thanks to the well-drained soil conditions, autumn and winter spring onions, summer and autumn eggplants, and konnyaku are especially popular. As a policy development direction for strengthening the agricultural management foundation, Annaka City considers the intention of young farmers who will be responsible for agriculture in Annaka City in the future and other basic conditions related to agricultural management, A project to strengthen and promote the foundation of agricultural management that supports motivated and capable individuals aiming to develop agricultural management, with the aim of promoting voluntary efforts by related organizations to promote regional agriculture. Comprehensive implementation of other measures. First, the city cooperates with the Regional Agricultural Revitalization Council, which consists of related organizations such as agricultural cooperatives and agricultural committees, and conducts thorough discussions to clarify the future prospects of agriculture at the village level and the management body that will be responsible for it promote. Furthermore, for farmers aiming for desirable management, their groups and surrounding farmers, the system will take the lead in diagnosing farming and presenting farming improvement measures, etc. Guidance is given so that each farm management improvement plan can be voluntarily created and mutual cooperation can be achieved by making selection decisions about the future direction of agriculture in the region. Next, in order to develop desirable farm management by improving farm management, for ambitious farmers who are trying to develop land-based agriculture, we will strengthen the excavation activities by agricultural committees, etc., and provide farmland. Under the unified understanding of the information related to the recipient, it seems that the two are properly linked and the setting of usage rights etc. is proceeded. In addition, regarding the liquidation of these agricultural lands, it seems that efforts will be made to develop land use adjustments throughout the city so that agricultural lands can be used and accumulated by the bearers under conditions that are grouped and coordinated. Community discussion and consensus building in all villages where land-based agriculture such as paddy farming is the main practice, and where development of efficient and stable agricultural management and accumulation of agricultural land for such management are lagging behind. It seems that they aim to establish an agricultural land utilization improvement organization to promote. In addition, when promoting discussions in the region, farmers or organizational management bodies (While clarifying the division of roles among members of the organization so as to contribute to the management improvement of certified farmers (hereinafter referred to as “certified farmers”), The direction of cultivating management bodies that match the actual situation of the region, such as the organization and incorporation of vacant farms, and the utilization and accumulation of agricultural land. Guidance will be given to clarify physically. In particular, in areas where a shortage of workers such as certified farmers is expected, efforts will be made to disseminate and enlighten the system of specified agricultural corporations and specified agricultural groups, and in order to promote the organization and incorporation of community farming on a community-by-community basis, agricultural land In addition to establishing a utilization improvement group, it seems that guidance and advice will be given to work on the specified agricultural corporation system and the specified agricultural group system. Furthermore, along with expanding the scale of management through such farmland leasing, we will promote the substantial expansion of work units through agricultural work consignment. Strive to contribute to the expansion of farm management. At the same time, in order to promote intensive management development, under the guidance of the Agricultural Office Extension and Guidance Section, we will promote high profitability by improving cropping patterns and varieties of existing greenhouse horticulture and introducing new crops. In addition, the production organization occupies an important position in forming an efficient production unit, and at the same time, it has an important position as a management development base for organizational management bodies such as corporations qualified to own agricultural land. By fostering operators and promoting outsourcing, etc., we will foster production organizations that match the actual conditions of the region and farming, improve the efficiency of their management, and guide those that have established a system to a corporate form. It seems to plan. In particular, in the hilly and mountainous areas of the former Matsuida Town, etc. Aiming to foster a production organization based on the Omo Village unit, promote cooperation and incorporation of the entire organization, and implement the Specific Agricultural Law. It seems that he plans to establish a person or a specific agricultural group. Furthermore, regarding female farmers, who play an important role in agricultural production in the city, we will promote joint applications for farm management improvement plans and call for women’s participation in discussions on the organization and incorporation of community farming. Promoting the active participation and cooperation of women farmers in regional agriculture. In addition, while clarifying the division of roles by providing auxiliary labor, etc. among efficient and stable agricultural management, small-scale part-time farmers, elderly farmers engaged in purposeful agriculture, and non-farmers with land, etc., Maintenance and management, rural communities will be maintained. The JA Kanra Tomioka jurisdiction is located in the southwestern part of Gunma Prefecture, with an altitude difference of 800 meters, a mid-mountainous area surrounded by Mt. Close to the Tokyo metropolitan area, it consists of 1 city, 2 towns and 1 village: Tomioka City, Shimonita Town, Minamimaki Village, and Kanra Town. The industry centered on sericulture and konnyaku cultivation has been prosperous since ancient times（Shimonita company, Kanra company and Usui company) . Were established, leading the Japanese industry as the center of a sericulture country. In June 2014, the Tomioka Silk Mill was registered as a World Heritage Site, and in December of the same year, it was designated as a National Treasure. The area has an average annual temperature of about 13-14 degrees Celsius, rainfall of 1,200-1,400 mm, sunny weather in winter, and is relatively warm in the prefecture. It seems to be highly productive. However, due to the clay nature of the soil, work efficiency in the field decreased, and heavy rains affected agricultural work at the right time. Seems to have come. In addition, since the opening of the Joshinetsu Expressway, the metropolitan area has become even closer, and in recent years the cultivation of outdoor vegetables has become popular. It seems that it is being transported to a corner. In our jurisdiction, raw shiitake mushrooms, konnyaku, and Shimonita long onion are being promoted as special products. In particular, the production volume of raw shiitake mushrooms was the largest in Japan until 2003, but in recent years, raw shiitake mushrooms cultivation has also become popular with mushroom bed cultivation. Unfortunately, the number one position has been surrendered. However, it seems that it maintains the highest production volume in the country in log cultivation. At the time of the JA merger in 1994, the fresh shiitake production department had more than 250 producers, and apparently managed the production organization. It seems that they are working day and night to aim for stable shipments throughout the year. At the production site, we are working on GAP (management to produce safe agricultural products), smoking cessation in the greenhouse, wearing hats and gloves during harvesting, recording production history, submitting shipping plans, etc. It seems that they are concerned about safety. Log cultivation depends on the availability of logs (sawtooth oak, konara oak), but early workers start inoculation in December, and most of the work is completed by the end of April. From the next year onwards, they seem to be using one log seven to eight times on average for harvesting. Mushrooms growing is called germination, and when mushrooms germinate, they are brought into the greenhouse and cultivated. This log cultivation makes good use of the hilly and mountainous areas (altitude 115-700 m), and the water necessary for submerging the logs is spring water from the mountains and well water, and cultivation is carried out by taking advantage of the blessings of nature. It seems that in addition, fungus bed shiitake cultivation starts inoculation work from around December, manages the culture, and harvests from around June to around October. Winter fungus starts inoculation work from around April and manages the culture, and it seems to be harvested from around September to around March of the following year. In 2002, more than 1,370 tons of shiitake mushrooms were produced, and about 52% of them were shiitake mushroom beds. With the motto of single-source collection and multi-source sales, the packaging work is reduced as much as possible, and it seems that the producers are trying to unify the cultivated varieties as much as possible and communicate information thoroughly so that they will work hard to increase production. From the evening of the previous day, the producer sorted the shiitake mushrooms collected in the early morning of the day by standard (A, B, C, S, etc.), put them in individual containers, and stored them in a precooler at home. After that, it seems that they will prepare it by taking it to the mushroom distribution center (fruit sorting place) between 8:30 and 9:30 in the morning while it is in the container. Shiitake mushrooms brought in in containers are graded, inspected, and weighed for each container, after which they are sorted by standard and variety, loaded on pallets, stored in a pre-cooler, and then packed and packed. It seems that each person’s container is taken home at the time of shipping the next morning and is used for shipping the next day. Since then, the daily shipping volume has been 3 to 5 tons in winter and 2 to 3 tons in summer, with about 2,600 to 2,700 packs packed per day. For the packaging and packing system, four automatic packaging machines that can pack 1 ton in 8 hours of operation are installed, and it seems that they are packaged and sorted for each store according to sales destinations and prices. The weight is set in units such as 100 g, 130 g, etc., and each product is stored in a pre-cooler before being shipped to each market and store. In addition, there is tray stuffing work. The employees are always working in the office and part-time, and it seems that the freshness is maintained, and the temperature in the workshop is low even in winter, making it a harsh environment for workers. In the Agatsuma region, which is slightly outside the jurisdiction, we are promoting the development of cod sprout production areas with the introduction of the new Araila elata variety “Gunma Haruou”. There are 45 growers, and the shipment volume is increasing year by year. In 2022, ahead of the season from the New Year, the king of edible wild plants, “Japanese angelica tree” was shipped. In 2009, in the Agatsuma area, the introduction of a new taranogi cultivar “Gunma Haruou” bred at the Agricultural Technology Center led to efforts to develop cod sprout production areas. In addition, the Promotion and Guidance Division has been promoting the new variety “Gunma Haruou NT” that was introduced in 2015, mulching cultivation as a countermeasure against cool weather conditions, optimizing the amount of fertilizer applied, and using seedlings that have sprouted. Efforts are being made to expand the area. A new taranogi cultivar “Gunma Haruou NT” was bred with the aim of developing a cultivar with few sharp thorns that impede workability, resistance to scab, and high yield. This cultivar was selected in 2009 as a natural mutant line with very few spines from the ‘Gunma Haruou’ cultivation field, and has the same yield and scab resistance as ‘Gunma Haruou’. It seems that the introduction of this cultivar can be expected to improve cod bud quality and workability. Gunma Prefectural Agricultural Technology Center Research Report No. 8 (2011) : 41~48, Aralia, cultivar breeding, Kummaharu ni E, Scab, new cultivar breeding of first-year tree taranoki: It seems to be a problem in taranoki scion production Developed a new taranogi cultivar “Gunma Haruou” that is resistant to malaria and has high productivity. In 2005, the mother was “Shinkoma” and the father was “Tokushima ordinary Type”. Gunma ordinary is extremely resistant to scab disease and has the same disease resistance as the Tokushima native, The number of lateral buds per ear is 30% more than Shinkoma, and the weight of one bud is 40%. In the 1970s, in Yamanashi Prefecture, taranogi was planted in a field, and after the leaves had fallen, the branches (scion) were cut at each node to form komagi. “Fukashi cultivation (forcing cultivation)” in which it sprouts in a vinyl house during the winter. In addition, Shimonita Midori and ‘Shin Kokushun’ were selected from the epiphytic strains, and the cultivation of taranogi spread. In Gunma Prefecture, the technology was introduced from Yamanashi Prefecture as a combined management crop with konnyaku and as a mulberry field crop. (Treatment of ZEN-NOH to the Tokyo wholesale market) reached 112 tons. After that, due to the occurrence of diseases such as scab and the aging of the bearers, both the cultivation area and shipment volume turned to decrease. It seems that the shipment amount was 32 tons. Currently, the main variety cultivated in Gunma Prefecture is Shimonita, but Yamagata producers bred Ayano (registered in 1998) and Asuha (2002). In addition, although “Shinkoma” has a high field evaluation due to the volume of forced buds, it has almost no resistance to major diseases such as damping off disease and scab disease. Apparently. In addition, since the distribution of roots is uneven, it is easy to lodge and bend due to wind and rain, so it seems that the yield is not stable. For this reason, it seems to be able to obtain a market evaluation equivalent to “Shinkoma” from the production area, and to secure a stable yield with various failure resistance. Aralia elata Producing area and peak shipping period Early February, Kanra Town, Kanra District, Tomioka City. JA Kanra Tomioka has one of the largest production volumes in the prefecture, with 15 producers cultivating approximately 5 hectares. “Steamed cultivation” is a method in which a Japanese angelica tree is planted in a field in a heated greenhouse, the branches (scion) after the leaves have fallen are cut into small pieces, and the branches are sprouted in a vinyl greenhouse in the winter. , It seems that it will grow to 90 cm to 180 cm in autumn. It seems that this is cut from the root, and each bud is cut off and used as cuttings. Although taranogi is a tree, it is considered a short-term crop, and it is considered to be a short-term crop. After 4 years, they are planted in another place and harvested.Since each scion has about 15 nodes, if 1,000 to 1,200 seed roots are planted in a 10 ares main field, 15,000 to 20,000 cuttings will be produced. It is submerged in warm water covered with flooring materials that are available at a low price. Is performed and shipped to the Keihin market. Last but not least, raw shiitake mushrooms are undoubtedly a highly valuable agricultural product, but they also have the disadvantage that “the production and shipping volume are easily affected by the weather, making quality control and stable supply difficult”. Although it is true that the production volume is decreasing year by year even from a nationwide perspective, log-grown shiitake mushrooms are an agricultural product that is deeply popular with consumers, so JA Kanra Tomioka is also focusing on supporting producers. On the other hand, “fungus bed cultivation” uses a method of adding rice bran or wheat bran to pulverized wood, planting fungi in the formed “fungus bed” and cultivating it in a greenhouse. Since stable shipments can be made throughout the year, the number of producers who use this fungal bed cultivation is increasing year by year. In terms of the number of producers involved in production, it seems that the number of producers engaged in log cultivation is increasing, with about 30 people working on the mushroom bed and about 50 people working on logs. Although it takes time and effort, it seems that the combination of log cultivation, which is highly popular, and mushroom bed cultivation, which can be expected to have a stable number of shipments, is connected to meeting the demands of the market, which has a variety of requests. Such shiitake mushrooms are concentrated at the “Mushroom Distribution Center” (Nakatakase, Tomioka City) operated by the same JA. It seems that the shiitake mushrooms selected by each producer are mechanically packaged and shipped, reducing the burden on the producers.
There used to be countless silk-milling unions in Western Joshu, and there were also unions that bundled together the silk-milling unions. The representative unions are the Kanra Company, the Shimonita Company, and the Usui Company, which are known as the Joshu South Three Company. The industry centered on sericulture and konjac cultivation has been prosperous since ancient times. In 1872, the government-run Tomioka Silk Mill was established, and in 1878, the origin of the industrial union was established. traction. In June 2014, the Tomioka Silk Mill was registered as a World Heritage Site, and in December of the same year, it was designated as a National Treasure. Gunma prefecture ranks second in Japan for production of Fatsia sprouts.
As for Fatsia sprouts, new shoots appear when the cherry blossoms are in bloom. Outdoor varieties are picked and shipped, but there are also producers who grow the buds in greenhouses to give them a feeling of early spring. Around December, the cut stocks are immersed in a basket filled with shallow water, and buds begin to grow. It seems that this is called lying down. Scions spread out in a container are laid down on a bed for cultivation, and water is added to the extent that the bottom of the scion is submerged. The temperature in the bed is maintained at 15-20°C during the day and around 10°C at night. It seems that you can heat it efficiently by using a heating wire. The water gets dirty as the day goes on, so change the water once or twice a week. I heard that the harvest is from January to March. Temperature control is important for greenhouses. Too warm and the buds will grow too much, too cold and they won’t grow.
The Kanra Tomioka area has developed in the basin centered on the Kaburagawa River, and the name ‘Kabura’ has long been used to refer to the entire area. The Tomioka Administration and Prefectural Tax Office, related municipalities, etc. have worked together to disseminate information under the name of “Kabura / Burabura Highway” so that visitors can stroll around this area.