【製品名(商品名)】
栗五郎
【種類】
Cucurubita maxima
【野菜の総合商社】
大阪府大阪市淀川区塚本（有限会社 ベジグロウ）
【名前の由来】
If you grow it well, you can get a lot of it.
【主な特徴】
After 1892, trial production of paddy rice was carried out in various places in Hokkaido, and the Fukagawa and Sorachi civil servants associations (Takikawa, etc.) at that time aimed at converting rice paddies into paddy fields, and built irrigation facilities to secure irrigation water using the Ishikari River as a water source. Built in the Taisho period. This is how Mita spread. However, during the war from 1937 to 1945, it was difficult to repair and repair the facilities, and it seems that the water intake facilities that were originally constructed had difficulty securing the planned amount of water intake. Thus, in 1950, it was decided to develop water facilities in the two land improvement districts, and a dam to dam the water of the Ishikari River was also raised. After that, as the mechanization of agriculture progressed, the North Sorachi headworks was improved and newly built with the goal of securing the water necessary for large-scale farm development and modernizing irrigation facilities such as deep water irrigation to prevent cold weather damage to paddy rice. The Kita Sorachi headworks sends irrigation water to the two rice fields, with the Fukagawa intake on the right bank and the Sorachi intake on the left bank. In this project, the former Hanazono Headworks directly downstream was also integrated, and it seems that after the improvement of the North Sorachi Headworks, “Hanazono Headworks” was reborn as a floor sill with a fishway installed. The predecessor was completed in 1954. Weir length 148.8m. It was newly constructed together with the Shinryu headworks of Kamuikotan as a state-owned land improvement project. A weir to secure irrigation water in the Kita Sorachi district. Water is taken in on both banks, with the Fukagawa main irrigation canal on the right bank and the Sorachi main irrigation canal on the left bank. Headworks facilities are guarded by sturdy fences and off-limits（North Sorachi Headworks Management Ordinance Enforcement Regulations: September 30, 2005, Regulation No. 66）. Squash, Kurigrou Hybrid: According to Kaneko Seed Co., Ltd., it is an easy-to-cultivate variety with excellent fruit setting and yield. In addition, the fruiting property is extremely high, and the yield is excellent. The fruit shape is flat, and the size is around 2.0 kg. The pericarp is dark green with some green flecks. The flesh is powdery, the flesh is dark yellow, and the color looks great after cooking. The tree is rather vigorous, the leaves are rather large, and it seems to have thick vines. Harvest 45-50 days after flowering. Pumpkin is a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family, and it seems that honeybees are often used for pollination because it has separate male and female flowers. It seems that it is a generic name for insects belonging to the order Hymenoptera Apis superfamily and is also called honey bee. Body length 10-30 mm or more. About 20,000 species have been confirmed in the world, consisting of solitary leaf bees, leaf-cutting bees, social bees, and various families of honeybees. It is all the more interesting that, unlike other bees, they live only on pollen and nectar and do not hunt or parasitize insects or spiders. The female seems to do all the work, such as building the nest and collecting pollen. The structure of the body is also specialized to facilitate the transportation of pollen, and most females have hairs on the forelimbs and lacunae, which seem to be used to sweep pollen off. There is also a pollen-gathering structure called a pollen cage on the hind limbs or underside of the abdomen. In general, honeybees often visit flowers where they can collect both nectar and pollen. It is the pollen that clings to their bodies seems to be rolled up in a part called a pollen basket on their hind legs and transported as pollen dumplings while flying in the air. Pollen dumplings vary in size depending on the honeybee, and they also appear to vary in color depending on the flowers they visit. In addition, the pollen dumplings brought back to the nest are stored in the nest chamber and used as preserved food. In beekeeping, the common honey bee is Apis mellifera. Most of them are imported from Europe and bred for the purpose of collecting honey. There are many cultivars, and the body color changes remarkably, but it seems that many of them are entirely black with a yellow horizontal band on the abdomen. The Japanese honey bee A. cerana seems to be distinguished from the former species by the difference in hindwing veins. It lives mainly in mountainous areas and is bred to some extent, but it seems to be aggressive and inefficient in collecting nectar. It has been found in archaeological sites in a wide range from North America to South America, the place of origin. It seems that it is known that the seeds, fruits and flowers have been edible since. In Japan, there is a record that it was cultivated in Nagasaki Prefecture from around the 16th century, but it became widespread after the 18th century. In addition to squash, it is also called “Nanjing”, but it is said that “pumpkin” is derived from Cambodia and “Nanjing” is derived from the name of a city in southern China. If the night temperature is high, the nutrients produced by the leaves during the day will not be transported well to the fruit, resulting in a deterioration of fruit quality. I can say. JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization: Minato Ward, Tokyo) began full-scale agricultural development as part of the formation of the basic characteristics of Hokkaido agriculture in August 1869 by the new Meiji government. It seems to start when you set up a land development bureau. The main objectives of the new Meiji government’s development of Hokkaido were to meet the military needs of the “northern border guard” since the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, and to develop industrial resources such as timber and coal, which were abundant in Hokkaido. Developing vast arable land and establishing a new type of agriculture similar to that of Western advanced nations; It seems that it will be done. After that, it seems that it has exerted a strong influence on the history of Hokkaido for about 100 years up to the present day, showing various ups and downs depending on the period. In addition to these historical and socioeconomic conditions, what should be noted when tracing the development of agriculture in Hokkaido is the peculiarity of its natural conditions. In terms of meteorological conditions, Hokkaido belongs to the range from the northern limit of the temperate zone to the subarctic zone. As for the soil conditions, the land was covered with dense forests at the beginning of the reclamation and was rich in virgin fertility. Vast peatlands were distributed in the low swamps of large river basins, and it seems that there were many lands that could not be easily used with the agricultural methods native to Honshu. Therefore, when starting full-scale agricultural development in Hokkaido, it seems that the establishment of a new European-style farming method that was completely different from the agriculture native to Honshu was intended. In 1871, the land development bureau invited foreign experts to take part in setting the direction of the development policy and development technology. Experimental research facilities (Kaitakushi Affiliated Gardens, Nanae Kaikenba, etc.) were established for this purpose. In addition, the land development bureau actively sends students abroad to study abroad, not only importing agricultural production technology, but also science and technology in general, as well as food habits, house structures, heating facilities, etc. It seems that the intention was to actively ingest life skills in general. In response to these requests from the Hokkaido Development Commission, many foreign experts engaged in vigorous activities. He had his subordinates in the staff survey Hokkaido thoroughly, and was the first foreign leader to come to Japan. He accepted the appeal of Kiyotaka Kuroda, resigned from his current position, accepted an invitation, visited Japan in the same year, and made a great contribution to the development of Hokkaido as the president of the hired teacher and advisor to the reclamation until he returned to Japan in May 1875. He contributed greatly to the development of Hokkaido. He made constructive proposals in various fields such as industry and agriculture, and these measures seem to have become the starting point for building the foundations for the development of Hokkaido as well as Sapporo today. Capron (1804-1885) proposed many projects during his stay in Japan, among which the Sapporo Agricultural College and the brewery were among the major projects for the city of Sapporo. Left the footprints of At Odori Park 10-chome, statues of him and Kiyotaka Kuroda are erected side by side, and it seems that they continue to gaze at the future of Sapporo, the capital of Hokkaido, which continues to develop toward the east.) to the land development burea several times, and seems to have made basic proposals for the development of Hokkaido. He argued that it was extremely inappropriate to cultivate rice in Hokkaido, where the natural climate conditions were similar to those in the United States. He stressed that upland farming should be a new crop from Europe and the United States, centering on barley crops, instead of farming. The opinions and proposals of these foreign advisors were not necessarily fully adopted by the Hokkaido Development Commission, but they did not necessarily support the introduction of new farming methods using Western-style farming tools, the introduction of new crops centering on field crops, the promotion of livestock farming, and the promotion of these agricultural activities. Policies focused on the processing of livestock products were vigorously developed. At the same time, it seems that this was linked with the opening of numerous government-owned factories along the direction of “promotion of new industry”. For example, crops such as barley, wheat, barley, oats, corn, potatoes, carrots, green beans, peas, cabbage, turnips, pumpkins, onions, tomatoes, hemp, flax, sugar beet, pasture grass, apples, and grapes are very popular today. All of them are Western crops that were imported during this period, and it seems that not a few of them eventually came to occupy a position as the central agricultural products of Hokkaido. In addition, in order to promote the establishment of a sales and distribution system for these agricultural and livestock products, land development bureas purchased various agricultural products. And it seems that many government-run factories were established using these purchased agricultural products as raw materials. The main types were miso, rapeseed oil, flour milling, sugar milling, spinning and weaving, as well as beer and wine brewing. Therefore, the basic direction of agricultural promotion in Hokkaido in the early Meiji period was focused on upland farming. It seems that it was only accepted as a general direction. However, among the farmers who migrated from Honshu, there was an extremely strong obsession and desire for rice cultivation as an undercurrent of farming. proceeded. A typical example of this is the successful trial production of paddy rice using red-haired rice brought from southern Hokkaido by Kyuzo Nakayama old man（1828-1919: In 1873, he ordered several kinds of seeds from Ono village in southern Hokkaido, cultivated them on a trial basis, and succeeded in producing “Akage.” At that time, rice cultivation was considered unsuitable in the cold regions north of southern Hokkaido, but he had high aspirations and opened a 50 unit of land measurement paddy field and practiced it. As a result, he harvested 345 kg per 10 a. Akage has spread throughout Hokkaido as an excellent variety with excellent cold resistance and laid the foundation for rice cultivation. Today’s Hokkaido rice seems to have inherited the gene of this Akage. In addition, the red-haired variety spread during the Meiji period, and in 1928, it was selected and presented as a rice field for the gods. “Yumepirika” and “Nanatsuboshi”, which have become Hokkaido’s representative rice, are descendants of the “Akage variety” (Hokkaido Agricultural Experiment Station registration number 1).）, Shimamatsu Village（Kita Hiroshima City）, Sapporo County, in 1873. It seems that he showed the development of distributing it to. However, the severe cold weather damage in 1884 led to strong opposition to rice cultivation. It seems that it took many years after that to get rid of the label of “unstable crop”. In any case, various measures based on the grandiose concept of “constructing a large-scale agricultural area with new farming methods equivalent to those of Europe and the United States,” advocated by the land development burea in the early Meiji era, have had a great impact on the present state of rice cultivation in Hokkaido. seems to have an impact. Pumpkins were introduced to Hokkaido from the late 18th century to the early 19th century, and were actively cultivated in the Meiji era with the encouragement of the land development bureau. The cultivation area in Hokkaido was the largest at about 20,000 hectares during the postwar food shortage period, but it seems to have decreased to about 5,000 hectares around 1960. There are various local factors, and it is not possible to give a concrete indication, but it seems that recently, it has increased to about 9,000 hectares, probably due to health consciousness. As for the variety, “Masakari Pumpkin” is famous in Hokkaido, and it is said to be a variety derived from “Hubbard Squash”, which was experimentally produced at Sapporo Agricultural College in 1878. “Ohama Miyako pumpkin”, which was produced in present-day Teine Yamaguchi, Sapporo City, is a popular variety with a warm feeling, but due to the urbanization of Sapporo, the cultivation area has decreased sharply, and now it is cultivated in Teine and part of Ishikari. It seems that it is. In terms of cultivation areas by municipality, Wassamu Town in Kamikawa District, Nayoro City, Bifuka Town in Nakagawa District, and Shibetsu City, in that order, seem to be suitable for inland areas with high temperatures. As for the squash, which I introduced earlier, the fruit is rugby ball-shaped, the skin is extremely hard, and the flesh is hard and powdery. The color is black or dark green, the shape is irregular, and the weight is about 2 kg. The flesh is soft and dusty, and the taste is light and sweet with no peculiarities. Since the pericarp is hard, it can be stored for a long period of time. The fruit is so hard that needles are used to split it, so it is said to be called a broad-axe Kabocha. In addition, it is difficult to determine the proper harvest time, and immature fruits are characterized by a starchy smell. In Hokkaido, there are many vegetables that have been cultivated since ancient times, rooted in the climate, topography, and local food culture. These unique vegetables once seemed to disappear, but there seems to be a trend to reconsider their existence and charm. I think it would be fun to check it out if you’re interested. The area around Yodogawa Ward in Osaka City is said to have been under the sea of Osaka Bay in ancient times. Before long, sediments carried by the Yodogawa, Yamatogawa, and Inagawa rivers accumulated, forming land around many small islands, such as Nakajima, Kashima, and Himeshima, which were called the “Namba Yasoshima.” In the Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan), there is an article that says, “In 680, Suguri Kachimaro of Tsukimoto (now Tsukamoto) was granted a ren by Emperor Tenmu,” suggesting that a powerful family lived in this area at the time. According to the Shoku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japan), “In 785, excavation work was carried out on the Mikuni River (currently Kanzaki River),” and it seems that it prospered as an important point for ship traffic during the Heian period. During the Sengoku period, Masatsura Kusunoki (1326-1348: a military commander who served Emperor Gomurakami of the Southern Court during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts. He was the chief builder of the Kusunoki clan and the eldest son of Masashige.) built Mitsuya Castle, and the Hosokawa clan built Moat Castle (near present-day Juso Park). There is a record that it was built, and it seems that there are traces of victory prayers at Kaguhashi Shrine. During the Edo period, the area was said to have been a fertile agricultural area even though it suffered from flooding of the Nakatsu River (now the Yodo River). Kashima, where the Shogunate’s coin house was located, is said to have produced high-quality coins, as it is said that “Sake is from Nada, and coins are from Kashima.”
Cucurbitaceous crops usually grow vertically first and then horizontally. It takes about 20 days after flowering to grow vertically, and about 25 days to grow horizontally. I have heard that the base (of a plant or tree) berries that first appear in early spring are still cold, so they do not grow very long during the period when they grow vertically. By the time they stretch sideways, the temperature rises and they can stretch. Since the fruit that grows in the distance has a high temperature from the beginning, it can grow vertically and form a ball shape. If conditions are good in the latter half of the growing season, it will grow horizontally, and if conditions are good in the first half of the growing season, it will produce excellent agricultural products with strong vertical growth. The color of the pericarp is darker at the base of the plant and seems to get lighter as it gets further away. Pumpkins from the same production area have dark skins during the cold season, and become lighter as the temperature rises. In addition, it seems that the color of the pericarp may become pale when exposed to light.
Internode length also varies with climate. In such years, the gap between the knots of the pumpkin becomes shorter. In other words, all breeds tend to be flat. Conversely, the flattened years are dry and delicious. It seems that the fact that the buttocks are flat despite the pointed buttocks is proof that they are growing in a well-drained area. If you make it in a poorly drained place, it will not dry out and will not become flat.
