【製品名(商品名)】
王秋
【種類】
Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.) Nakai var. culta (Mak.) Nakai
【生産地】
福島県福島市, 伊達市, 二本松市, 本宮市, 南相馬市, 相馬市, 伊達郡, 安達郡, 相馬郡（JAふくしま未来）
【名前の由来】
The climate of “late autumn” in Inan, Kanto region, is a red pear variety suitable for warm regions, and it has large fruits and flexible flesh.
【主な特徴】
On January 25, 2023, the JA Women’s Department Adachi District Headquarters held a leader training session at Anahara Onsen “Takumi no Kokoro Yoshikawaya（Yuno, Iizaka Town, Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture: Founded in 1834, this inn is kind to your heart and body）” in Fukushima City on the 24th. At the workshop, as part of efforts to promote SDGs, we practiced manners courses in Japanese cuisine with the aim of handing down Japanese food culture to future generations. Of the 17 goals set out in the SDGs, 5 are related to gender, with the goal of “achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls.” Below the general goals are more specific targets. Eliminate discrimination everywhere and in all its forms, eliminate violence against women, ensure women’s leadership, etc. In addition to social problems such as human trafficking and marriage of minors, the targets also include problems of unpaid work hidden in daily life such as housework, childcare and nursing care. The goal is to realize a world where there is no discrimination based on gender and everyone has equal opportunities. “Oshu（Registration number: Japanese Nashi Norin 22, Registration date: October 25, 2000）” : From the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration website, application number 12692 Application date 2000/08/08 Date of application publication 2001/03/13 Registration number 11118 Registration date 2003/03/17 Duration of breeder’s rights 25 Year Extinction of breeder’s rights Name and address of cultivar registrant National Research and Development Corporation Agriculture and Food Industry Technology Research Organization (Kannondai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture): Name of the person who cultivated the registered cultivar, Hiroshi Machida, Ichiro Kajiura, Kazuo Toshi, Yoshihiko Sato, Ryoichi Masuda, Kazuyuki Abe, Akio Kurihara, Tatsushi Ogata, Toshihiro Saito, Terai, Toyohide Nishibata, Moriyuki Masada, Yoshiki Kashimura, Teruo Kozono, Hiroyuki Fukuda, Takeshi Kihara, Katsuyuki Suzuki, There are no designated countries with restrictions on exports. This variety was bred by crossing “C2” (“Tourie Pear（Pyrus ussuriensis var. culta; Siberian pear）” × “20th century Pear”) with “Shinsetsu Pear”. The pear variety “Oshu” is Okute’s red pear tree variety. Large fruit, soft flesh, dense flesh and good taste. There are many axillary flower buds, and it is easy to maintain short fruit branches and it is fertile. The tree is strong, there are many axillary flower buds, and it seems that it is easy to maintain short fruit branches and cultivate them. The flowering period is slightly later than that of “Hosui”, and the maturity period in the growing area (Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture) is from late October to early November, which is slightly earlier than that of “Okusankichi Pear”, and the yield is the same or slightly higher. I have heard that it is resistant to Alternaria kikuchiana Japanese pear pathotype and can be treated by conventional control against Diplocarpon rosae, Marssonina rosae and other pests. The fruits are inverted triangles and appear to turn yellowish brown when fully ripe. The fruit weighs about 650 g, which seems to be about the same as “Okusankichi Pear”. The flesh is dense and juicy, and the flesh hardness is about 4.2 lbs, which seems to be softer than “Okusankichi Pear”. The sugar content of the fruit juice is around 12%, which is about 1% higher than that of “Okusankichi Pear”, and the pH of the fruit juice is around 4.6, which does not seem to be as sour as “Okusankichi Pear”. It seems that heart rot, mitosis (calcium deficiency) and brown spot-like pulp collapse phenomenon may occur. The shelf life of the fruit is 25 ° C and he has heard that it is more than 28 days. P. ussuriensis var. ussuriensis: It was introduced by Tetsuya Onda in 1912, but it has not spread, and I hear that very small amounts are now cultivated in a small part of Hokkaido, Aomori, Nagano, and Okayama prefectures. The shape is a bottle shape like a pear or a sphere like a Japanese pear, and the skin seems to be pale yellowish green. It is left for a certain period of time (ripening) until it ripens like a pear, but the taste seems to be similar to that of a Japanese pear. In addition, the texture tends to contain a large amount of stone cells as well as Japanese pear. Last but not least, my impression of eating Oshu pears is that it is definitely a variety that is characterized by fruits that are significantly larger than other pears. The flesh was soft, sweet and sour, and had a lot of juice. I further realized that it is a popular pear that has both size and taste. This excellent red pear Oshu is harvested every year from late October. The fruit shape is oval like a rugby ball, and among the okute species, it has a high sugar content, excellent meat quality, and has a long shelf life, and can be stored at room temperature for about a year. In 2019, we planned to jointly select around the end of November in our JA Fukushima district jurisdiction, and planned to ship 3,500 kg. There are about 60 Wang Qiu pear producers in the jurisdiction, and the cultivated area is about 2.7 hectares. It is a relatively new cultivar, and it seems that the cultivated area has gradually increased. It is now the harvesting season, and after harvesting, the producers wrapped them in newspaper and stored them in a cool place for about a month before shipping them to JA. This excellent agricultural product has a strong sour taste immediately after harvesting, and after about a month, the acidity disappears and it seems to be ready to eat. In addition, Soma pears, which are a specialty of Soma City under the same JA jurisdiction, have a long history. Cultivation began in 1889, and delicious pears have been produced for over 123 years. In Fukushima Prefecture, which is famous for producing pears, Soma City, which faces the sea, is said to have a sea breeze that contains minerals that blows in in the morning and evening, making the pears even sweeter. In 2017, a total of 37 farmers in the Isobe area (29 cases), Ono area (6 cases), Yawata area (Present-day southern Soma City, from the middle right bank of the Udagawa River to the upper reaches of the Kusakaishikawa River: 1 case), and Nittaki area (1 case) cultivated crops on about 37 ha of farmland. Until mid-November, many varieties such as “Hosui unfamiliar”, “Kosui pear”, “Akizuki pear”, “Niitaka pear”, “Shinko pear”, “Kaori pear”, “Nansui pear”, “Shinsetsu pear”, “Oshu pear”, etc. We ship pears. In addition, the Soma City Tourism Association holds the “Highway Festa Tohoku” (Sendai City Kotodai Park) in late October every year and the “Soma Citizen Festival” held on the first Sunday in November. It seems that many people were able to eat the pears of Soma by distributing them free of charge. From 2020, the JA will start an initiative to increase sales of 1 farming center by 100 million yen (3 years), focusing on new planting of agricultural products, as a way to strengthen its sales strategy. In addition, we are expanding direct sales to mass retailers, school lunches, restaurants, etc., sales of gifts using direct mail, Yu-Pack, hometown tax return gifts, etc., and online sales. In addition, they are also focusing on sales promotion activities, such as holding unified events at direct sales stores and providing production area information to market participants and mass retailers through live cameras installed in fields. In addition, the PR team “J-FAP” is also developing PR activities through SNS such as the Youtube video “Mirairo Channel”. In the development and sales of JA Fukushima Mirai’s original 6th grade products that use and process local agricultural products, the brand name of the products to be developed in the future will be unified as Mirairo, and it seems that they are working to further strengthen brand power and sales. As efforts to expand agricultural production, it seems that they are working on community farming, corporate establishment support and cooperation, new farming support, JGAP acquisition and expansion, and labor force adjustment. From 2022, as an initiative to support new farmers, it seems that they will be working on a support system for inheriting agricultural technology and farming through a goodwill system. In the economic business, as an initiative to reduce production costs, JA’s original fertilizer “Mirairo Monogatari” series (fertilizer for fruit trees 7 fertilizers, 2 fertilizers for vegetables, 5 fertilizers for paddy rice) and realized price reduction. As support for agricultural promotion, we will secure a budget of about 200 million yen every year, and aim to support farmers who are working to expand the scale of farm management and achieve high quality and stable production, and to train and secure new farmers, etc., and establish farming and organizations. It seems that they support farmers with the aim of reducing the initial investment from time to time and promoting the establishment of self-reliant farm management. As a regional contribution, our association has been working in Fukushima City, Date City, Nihonmatsu City, Motomiya City, Soma City, Minamisoma City, Kawamata Town in Date County, Koori Town in Date County, Kunimi Town in Date County, University of Adachi County With Tama Village, Shinchi Town, Soma District, and Iidate Village, Soma District as business areas, local residents, mainly farmers, become members and share mutual aid (mutual help and mutual development). It is a cooperative organization operated under the philosophy of and a regional financial institution that contributes to the revitalization of regional agriculture. Furthermore, since 2017, when trying to apply IoT using sensing devices to a wide area such as agriculture, we are moving to overcome the case where the supply of power necessary for measurement and communication of sensing devices becomes a bottleneck. JA Fukushima Mirai uses “Energy Harvesting” using energy harvesting technology such as solar power generation, prepares an IoT environment that does not require a power supply, and implements anti-frost measures for fruit trees. The 12 municipalities in the northern region of Fukushima Prefecture, which is within the jurisdiction, produce many fruit trees such as peaches, pears, apples, and partially dried Japanese persimmon, as well as vegetables such as cucumbers and tomatoes. Among them, frost damage due to frost seems to bring great damage to the cultivation of fruit trees. Until now, as a countermeasure, efforts have been made to increase the temperature by burning the inside of the combustion in the orchard before it reaches the dangerous temperature during frost. This temperature control had to be done overnight, and it seems that the human burden was heavy. On the other hand, we have been considering IoT, but it seems that it has not been put into practical use due to the cost of mobile communication and securing the power supply to operate the sensing device for temperature observation. At that time, it seems that efforts have been made to solve these problems by introducing NTT East’s field sensing solution “e-Sensing for Agriculture”. The power for wireless communication with the sensors that measure observation data will be covered by energy harvesting using power generated by small solar panels. In addition, the Low Power Wide Area communication method, which does not require mobile line costs for communication and consumes low power, addresses both communication cost and power consumption issues. In 2019, it had jurisdiction over 12 municipalities in the northern and Soma regions of Fukushima Prefecture, and the area covered by its jurisdiction accounted for 19% of the total area of Fukushima Prefecture. In 2016, four JAs merged to form a wide area JA. It is famous as a large production area that cultivates many items such as rice, fruit trees, and vegetables. Typical vegetables are mainly strawberries, cucumbers, and tomatoes. Cucumbers, one of JA’s main products, are cultivated mainly in open fields, using rain protection and controlled cultivation. doing. In 2018, the cultivated area was 57 ha and the production was 10,488 tons, of which JGAP producers cultivated an area of 5.9 ha and the production was 589 tons. On October 15, 2018, JA’s cucumber section (21 producers) acquired JGAP group certification. At the same time as the cucumber section, the vegetable section and the paddy rice section were also acquired, and together with the peach, pear, and fruit trees acquired in May of the same year, the number of certified farms reached 104 farms in 6 groups, the highest number of certifications in the prefecture. At first, efforts to obtain certification were initiated mainly by JA union presidents and producers with titles for the purpose of demonstrating safety, but recently it seems that more and more young people are obtaining certification. In June 2019, the number of certified cucumber producers increased to 48. The number of ambitious producers has increased, and the agriculture that supports us seems to be lively in JA. In Fukushima Prefecture and villages, in order to support the continuation and development of the management of agricultural producers who are affected by the recent unstable global economy, such as soaring fertilizer raw material prices, etc. In order to mitigate the impact of soaring prices on farm management, we support the fertilizer costs of farmers working to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Applicable fertilizers, fertilizers purchased from June 2022 to May 2022 (registered or notified based on ensuring the quality of fertilizers, etc.) are eligible. Fall manuring (fertilizer applied from August to October): Orders placed between June 1, 2022 and October 31, 2022. Spring dressing (fertilizer applied to crops from spring to summer): 2022 Orders placed between November 1st and May 31st, 2023. While the soaring prices of production materials have had a tremendous impact on farm management, our JA has taken this as a turning point and is actively working to respond to applications for support for fertilizer costs. It seems that they are trying to expand new users by building a cultivation system that is environmentally friendly and resistant to all kinds of risks. On September 28, 2022, the first workshop on fertilizer cost reduction measures was held at the JA Fukushima Building, attended by about 100 JA executives and employees.
