【製品名(商品名)】
糸貫の富有柿
【種類】
Diospyros kaki ‘Fuyu’
【生産地】
岐阜県本巣市（JAぎふ）
【名前の由来】
小倉氏より譲り受けた, 福島氏は, 古典禮記（Kotenraiki）の「四海之内ヲ富有ス」より, 富有の話を引用され, 命名された.
【主な特徴】
Around mid-April 2022, the Motosu City Agricultural Committee announced that in order to reduce the amount of farmland that is idled due to inheritance in the city, where the number of agricultural workers is decreasing and the population is aging, every year from 2019, the Agricultural Committee and the farmland will be optimally used. The promotion committee played a central role in grasping the intentions of the paddy owners to use the paddy fields and promoting the consolidation and consolidation of farmland for the farmers. Based on the interview survey by the agricultural committee and promotion committee, the target area is the farmland that is expected to be efficiently accumulated and consolidated to the bearer among the paddy fields that the owner makes himself. It seems to have focused. In FY2021, we have grasped the intentions of 8.95 hectares (34 units) in the Motosu area and 9.17 hectares (26 units) in the Shinsei area. A questionnaire on the intention to use the farmland owned by each target person was created, and 22 agricultural committee members and promotion committee members from the district cooperated to conduct door-to-door visits for about a month from December 2020. The committee members contacted the subjects and decided on the date and time of the visit. It seems that the subjects living outside the city were asked about their intentions by mail. Based on these surveys, 0.28 hectares in the Motosu area and 1.56 hectares in the Shinsei area, totaling 1.8 hectares, were determined to be leasable. In March, information was provided at a farmland matching meeting attended by bearers such as certified farmers. After discussing who would cultivate which farmland, a matching of 0.9 hectares of farmland was established, and it seems that the procedures for the farmland intermediate management business were to proceed. The Agricultural Committee of the city will continue to protect the farmland by grasping the intentions of the owners of paddy farmland and promoting matching with bearers before the land becomes idle farmland. He seemed to say that with force. In addition, the city’s agriculture committee will become a “model introduction agriculture committee” for the introduction of tablet terminals in 2021, and will be used to hold general meetings and workshops online and to make materials paperless. From August 2020, a tablet lent by the prefectural agricultural conference will be introduced to the general meeting. First of all, in order to get used to the operation, the agricultural committee members were divided into two adjacent venues, and the sub venue participated in the general meeting held at the main venue with a tablet. It was confirmed that the members of the committee will change the venue every month, and with the support of the secretariat and agricultural conference staff, it will be possible to operate the general meeting smoothly, such as raising hands and making remarks using the web conference system. In turn, we will implement paperless meetings by sending data on agenda materials, and remote participation from the homes of committee members who wish to participate. In addition to this, it is used for reporting the current state of farmland patrols with photo data, sharing materials in discussions on the realization of personnel and farmland plans, and participating in web workshops hosted by the National Chamber of Agriculture and the Agriculture Conference. The introduction of the system will help prevent infectious diseases, reduce costs, and improve operational efficiency. used for usage surveys, etc. Common Application Service (eMAFF): The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has developed a common application service for the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (commonly known as eMAFF) that allows online applications based on the laws and regulations under its jurisdiction and applications for subsidies and grants. As of September 2022, 2,800 Completed online procedures exceeding Currently, administrative procedures are mostly paper-based, requiring a large number of documents and burdening applicants with having to go to the office to deliver the documents. The government is promoting digital government initiatives, such as making administrative procedures online as a general rule. Aiming to improve the convenience of applicants, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has built an electronic application system that allows online applications based on the laws and regulations under its jurisdiction, as well as applications for subsidies and grants. In order to promote local production for local consumption, Motosu City established the Motosu City Local Production for Local Consumption Promotion Committee. It seems that the city is working on a brand certification system with the aim of promoting the city’s agricultural products and improving the name recognition and image of Motosu City, as well as having many people know and use the city’s agricultural products. The brand certification mark indicates that agricultural products have been certified as a “Motosu City brand”, and is given to agricultural products that meet standards in all items, such as quality, price, safety and security, and characteristics of Motosu City. Motosu is adjacent to Gifu City, the prefectural capital, and is relatively close to Nagoya City. It forms one of the leading production areas in Japan and has a high reputation. In addition, it is a proud Japanese treasure that it is a major production area for flower cultivation such as saintpaulia and miniature roses. Fuyu persimmons were discovered in the former Motosu District, Gifu Prefecture during the Meiji period, and rapidly spread throughout the country due to their high quality. However, it seems that cultivation is impossible unless the annual average temperature is 11.5°C or higher because it is a sweet persimmon that naturally removes astringency on the tree. In recent years, a research group at Kyoto University has conducted genetic analysis, and as a result, it has been proved that the cultivars of Japanese sweet persimmons are closely related to the varieties native to Gifu Prefecture, and that each variety of sweet persimmon originated in Gifu Prefecture. Seems to be. Assistant Professor Takashi Akagi Graduate School of Agriculture (Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Life Science, Okayama University), Assistant Professor Takashi Kawai (Graduate School of Environmental Life Science Okayama University, Department of Orchard Horticulture), Professor Ryutaro Tao (Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University Department of Horticultural Science) In collaboration with the University of California, Davis, the research group led by Prof. Koza) has elucidated the molecular mechanism of persimmon gender determination and its evolutionary process. The results of this research were published in the scientific journals “The Plant Cell” dated December 12, 2016 (U.S. time) and “Scientia Horticulturae” dated November 14, 2016. Persimmon is the first plant in which a sex-determining gene was discovered. Researching the mechanism of sex determination for each flower in persimmons cultivated by producers. As a result, it originated from “epigenetic control” (according to the National Institute for Environmental Studies, “epigenesis”, which is one of the theories about ontogeny, and “genetics”), which is said to be memory in DNA. Since “epi” is a prefix meaning “later” or “above” in Greek, “epigenetics” is the concept of “further modification above the gene.” The base of genetic information is the arrangement of the four types of bases that make up DNA: A (adenine), T (thymine), G (guanine), and C (cytosine). Modifications added later seem to be the control mechanisms that regulate gene function without altering the gene. Epigenetics is an essential mechanism in important life phenomena, including the processes of ontogeny and cell differentiation. DNA methylation and histone modifications seem to be the major control mechanisms of tyxytics, and it seems that changes in these epigenetic modifications for some reason lead to a variety of diseases. DNA methylation occurs at four bases. DNA methylation is the addition of a methyl group (-CH3) to cytosine in a sequence in which cytosine is followed by guanine, resulting in 5-methylcytosine. In mammals, 3 types of DNA methylases and 3 A variety of DNA demethylases have been discovered. In the DNA sequence, there are CpG islands in which CG sequences are densely clustered. Genomic DNA is stored in the nucleus wrapped around proteins called histones (this structure is called chromatin), and histones undergo modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Acetylation changes the structure of chromatin, changes the accessibility of DNA to nuclear factors such as transcription factors, and enables the regulation of gene expression. Acetylation is involved in the activation of gene expression. Regarding methylation, it seems that the position of the lysine undergoing methylation is important for the regulation of gene expression. Histone acetylases, deacetylases, and histone methyltransferases at specific positions. And demethylase have been identified.) acts on the sex-determining gene and regulates fluctuations in gender determination in individual flowers. It seems that it has become clear that This excellent agricultural product is a woody crop, and as the saying goes, “peach chestnut three years persimmon eight years,” it takes a long time to flower, so many genetic analyzes seem to be extremely difficult. The determination of “gender” seems to be one of the most important mechanisms for maintaining the diversity that organisms have acquired during their evolution. Since plants can have independent gender in units of “flowers,” even a single species or individual can exhibit a variety of sexual phenotypes. It seems that there was not. This research group investigated the dynamics of genes in persimmons, and found that the mechanism by which male and female flowers bloom in a single individual is controlled by a memory written in DNA called “epigenetic,” which does not depend on the DNA sequence. Clarify what is being done. In the evolutionary process from wild relatives to persimmons, the gender-determining gene OGI on the Y chromosome, which normally uniformly controls the gender of individuals, is destabilized, and an epitome in the feminization gene called MeGI, which is controlled by the Y chromosome. A genetic switch was established, and it seems that persimmons were thought to have acquired a new sexual expression. In diploid species, individuals with a Y chromosome always become male plants that bear only male flowers. It seems that the fate of male and female flowers will be decided when it becomes dominant. The JA Gifu Itonuki Persimmon Promotion Association has acquired the “Gifu Clean Agriculture” certification since 2007. What is Gifu Clean Agriculture? A wide range of practical environments that can be harmonized with productivity, based on soil preparation that effectively utilizes organic matter, and the efficient use and reduction of chemical fertilizers and chemically synthesized pesticides that have a large environmental impact. eco-friendly farming. As a background, there is a high consumer demand for safe and secure agricultural products, and it is necessary to supply agricultural products that are safer and can be eaten with peace of mind. In agricultural production, there is a demand for cultivation methods that take into account the burden on the environment, and it is essential to carry out agricultural production that seeks harmony between productivity and the environment. Therefore, through the proper and efficient use of chemical fertilizers and chemically synthesized pesticides and the use of various alternative technologies to replace them, the amount of chemical fertilizers (nitrogen components) and chemically synthesized pesticides used is reduced by 30% compared to conventional cultivation. It seems that the cultivation that has been reduced above is called “Gifu Clean Agriculture” and is being promoted. According to the Gifu Clean Agricultural Research Center (Usaminami, Gifu City), as of the end of February 2020, 16,396 ha (507 cases) are being worked on. This accounts for about one-third of the planted area in the prefecture. Tomatoes are produced in all of the prefecture’s summer and autumn tomato production areas (Hida, Nakano, and Tono regions), which are shipped from July to November, and in the winter and spring tomato production areas (Seino region), which are shipped from November to June. It seems that Gifu clean agricultural products are registered and shipped throughout the year. As for spinach, the two major production areas in the prefecture (Hida and Gifu areas) have been registered as production areas, and most of the spinach produced in the prefecture seems to be Gifu Clean Agricultural Products. Carrots are registered as production areas in the Gifu region, shipped in spring and autumn, and most of the carrots produced in the prefecture are Gifu Clean Agricultural Products. It seems that three initiatives are necessary to work on Gifu Clean Agriculture. Appropriate use of materials such as chemical fertilizers and chemical synthetic pesticides (excluding soil preparation for hydroponic cultivation). Active use of alternative technologies and materials. Soil preparation and recycling. It seems that there are various efforts for efficient use of production materials such as chemical fertilizers and chemically synthesized pesticides. Fertilization improvement based on soil diagnosis and crop nutrition diagnosis. Accurate control based on information on predictions of pest outbreaks. Review of fertilization management and pest control in current cultivation. It seems that each initiative can be raised to actively utilize environmentally friendly technologies and materials. For fertilization, eco-friendly fertilizers such as organic fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers are used. Environmentally friendly fertilization methods such as lateral fertilization. As for pest control, agricultural pest control such as the introduction of resistant varieties, rain protection cultivation, and the use of covering materials. New technologies such as sex pheromone and natural enemy control. Each approach can be cited for soil preparation and recycling. Appropriate application of organic matter such as compost and soil preparation materials. Deep plowing and drainage measures to expand the effective soil layer. Soil and fertilization management based on soil diagnosis. Introduction of a rational cropping system such as field rotation. Production of high-quality compost suitable for soil preparation. It seems to be an effective use of local organic resources. Production registration category Soil cultivation, chemical synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers removed by 30% or more, production registration date: November 30, 2004, production registration number 1133, chemical synthetic pesticides used 16 times or less, alternative technology thinning Thorough reduction of pest density and improvement of chemical adhesion amount. Thorough timely control by predicting the occurrence of warning lights, pheromone traps, etc. Density reduction of leaf beetles and scaber moths by use of sex pheromone agents. Reduce the amount of pests that emerge in winter through winter management (shaving rough bark, removing fallen leaves, etc.). Mowing using a riding mower, etc. Use less than 15 kg / 10 a of chemical fertilizer Substitute technology Use of poultry manure and organic fertilizer. “Itonuki Town” is a town in Motosu District, Gifu Prefecture, which was merged with three surrounding towns and villages on February 1, 2004 to form Motosu City. Motosu Town, Shinsei Town, Itonuki Town, and Neo Village merged into Shinsei Town on February 1, 2004. It is 17 km east-west, 43 km north-south, and has a total area of 374.65 km2. It borders Fukui Prefecture in the north, Ibi County in the west, Mizuho City and Kitagata Town in Motosu County in the south, and Gifu City, Yamagata City and Seki City in the east. The Neo River, which joins most of the large and small rivers from the northern mountainous region, flows through the western edge of Motosu City to the south. Using this river as irrigation water, various agricultural products are abundantly produced from the fertile arable land in the south. In addition, special agricultural products such as “strawberries”, “green soybeans”, and “persimmons” harvested in the Gifu area are nicknamed “Gifu Vege”, and we want more people to become familiar with Gifu Vege, which is particular about safety and security. Seems to be working. Until now, the initiative was limited to Gifu City, but in April 2020, three cities and three towns including Motosu City (Motosu City, Yamagata City, Mizuho City, Ginan Town, Kasamatsu Town, and Kitagata Town) joined the group. Aiming to become a familiar brand of delicious local vegetables that can be eaten in season, it seems to promote it on its website and at various events so that many people will know about it. At Fuyugaki Persimmon no Sato Itonuki, fireflies can be seen in the nearby agricultural water from late May to mid-June. Motosu City, located in the southwestern part of Gifu Prefecture, has established this station as an integrated facility of “Fuyu Persimmon Village” aiming at exchange between urban and rural areas, centering on Fuyu persimmons, a specialty product. Here, there are facilities such as Funakiyama Promenade, Fureai Hiroba, Ancient Burial Mound and Persimmon House, Barbecue House, Fureai Center, Persimmon Exhibition Garden, etc., so that visitors can spend a relaxing and enjoyable time. The station seems to be along Route 157. “Old Motosu: What we learned from the results of the detailed survey of the distribution of ruins in Motosu City.” The purpose of the survey: Motosu City is located from the center to the northern end of the southwestern part of Gifu Prefecture. In 2002 and 2003, before the merger, he was instructed by the Agency for Cultural Affairs to the former Itonuki Town. He visited the site and was instructed to conduct a detailed distribution survey of the Funakiyama mounded tomb group as soon as possible. However, after the merger, it seems that the project did not come to fruition. After the merger, development gradually increased from the hilly areas south of the former Motosu Town (former Yamazoe Village and former Monju Village) to the southern plains, and it seems that the merger also increased public works. Under these circumstances, in 2006, the Gifu Prefectural Board of Education instructed us to conduct a detailed survey of the distribution of archaeological sites in areas of increasing development in the plains. In the plains of Motosu City, there are descriptions of the location of ruins in “History of Motosu Town”, “History of Itonuki Town”, and “History of Shinsho Town”, but the situation was not fully reflected in the ruins map. It seems It has long been suggested that there are still undiscovered important ruins in the plains. South of the hilly area of Motosu Town (former Yamazoe Village, It seems that a detailed distribution survey was to be conducted from the village of Monju to the plains of the former Itonuki Town and former Shinsei Town areas. In terms of topography and natural environment, Motosu City is 17 km east-west, 43 km north-south, and has a total area of Nuki Town: 15.86 km2, Old Neo Village: 295.83 km2), bordering Fukui Prefecture in the north, Ibi County in the west, Mizuho City and Kitagata Town in Motosu County in the south, Gifu City, Yamagata City and Seki City in the east. Adjacent to. The Neo River, which joins most of the large and small rivers from the northern mountainous region, flows through the western edge of Motosu City to the south. It is the Itonuki River, and it seems to have flowed at the west end of Mt. It seems that the old Itonuki River is thought to have flowed from the west end of Mt. In addition, the Sai River, which flows east-west through the western part of the old Shinsei Town, is thought to have been the county boundary with Ono District before the great flood of 1530. In the southern part of the hilly area of former Motosu Town, the former Itonuki Town, and the former Shinsei Town area, which was the subject of the survey, the northern part of the survey area was Gongenyama (344.5 m), Yukoyama (374.3 m), Ohirayama (212.5 m), Funakiyama (116.5 m), an independent hill. It is formed by alluvial fans formed by these rivers along with irrigation water such as Mushiroda water and Makuwa water drawn to the east and west of the town. Yamaguchi, Motosu City is presumed to be his first article in Jori, Motosu County, and it seems that the fertile plateau of Motosu County was spread out. In addition to the fan-shaped topography, the area south of the Munekei Otsuka Burial Mound in the former Shinsei Town is still formed by alluvial lowlands where cattails erupt, and the topography appears to be complex. Itonuki Town was the first town to produce Fuyu Persimmon as a product. Today, Fuyu persimmons are a representative of sweet persimmons and are produced nationwide, mainly in western Japan. In 1820, Nobu Ogura of Igura Village, Ono County, Mino Province (Gifu Prefecture), planted “Igura” and “Gosho Persimmons (native to Gose City, Nara Prefecture)” in his field. I hear that is the beginning. Over time, in 1857, his grandson “Chozo” took over his intentions, and in 1884, he entrusted his thoughts to “Saiji Fukushima” in the same district. For the first time, “Gosho（Gose）-gaki persimmon” was grafted on the premises of the residential land (not farmland). In 1898, there was a prefectural show, which was selected (judgment committee). We consulted on the naming of “Fukuju” and “Fuyu” with “Kamekichi Kuze”, the principal of Kawasaki Jinjo Elementary School. It was decided to be a passage of the classic “Li-chi（苛政猛於虎也: A Confucian scholar’s book on gratitude compiled by Taisei from Zhou to Han. All 49 volumes. Respected as one of the Five Classics since the Tang dynasty. Even the precious jade cannot be a good vessel unless it is polished. In the same way, human beings cannot become good members of society who know the way of being human unless they improve themselves by learning. The reason for being a person is polite. The beginning of courtesy is to correct the posture, attitude, and way of walking, then the expression is softened, and finally the wording is careful. Don’t be arrogant or rush with your desires. Only when you fulfill your duties as a child can you fulfill your responsibilities as a parent when you become a parent. Only by fulfilling your duties as a vassal can you fulfill your responsibilities as a monarch when you become a monarch. Only if you have the experience of serving your boss as a subordinate can you master his subordinates when you are in the position of boss. It is a savage human way of life to act as emotions go. The way of life according to gratitude is different from that. A good teacher is like a bell to the students. If you hit it small, it will make a small sound, and if you hit it big, it will make a loud sound.）”, “Fuyu Shikai”, and boasts a splendidly honorable first place. The following year, in 1899, he won the first prize at the 1st Vegetable Fruit Fair hosted by the Prefectural Agricultural Association. In that year, it was selected as a recommended variety of the prefecture by the then governor of Gifu prefecture, “Masaaki Nomura” and below. From “Fuyugaki Persimmon”, the precocious completely sweet persimmon “Matsumoto Wase Fuyu Persimmon” changed the branch of “Fuyugaki Persimmon” in the field of Yutaka Matsumoto in Shigasato Village, Ikaruga District, Kyoto (currently Ayabe City) around 1935. It’s been found. Harvest is expected from mid-October to early November. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Forestry (Fisheries) certification was named and registered in 1952. “Fuyugaki Persimmon” from Nishiyoshino, which is said to be the finest persimmon. The history of persimmon production in Nishiyoshino Town goes back to the end of the Taisho era. Around this time, planting of “cashed tree crops” in the fields began, and at the same time, the cultivated land was converted to fruit fields, and it seems that clearing was also promoted. Currently, the persimmons produced in Nishiyoshino Town are of the types “Fuyu Persimmon”, “Hiratanenashi Persimmon”, and “Wase Tone Persimmon”, and among them, “Fuyu persimmon”, which has a large production volume, seems to have begun to spread in the early Showa period. From the latter half of the 1955’s to the first half of the 1965’s, the construction of orchards centered on persimmons became popular, and the creation of suitable sites for persimmon production was almost completed. In 1974, the state-owned Gojo Yoshino Comprehensive Agricultural Land Development Project started with the aim of becoming the number one persimmon producing area in Japan. I heard that rough mountains and steep terrain, which had been difficult to clear until then, were also developed, and a large fruit tree producing area was born. In this way, it seems that the farmer’s management scale has gradually expanded, the modernization of farming has been promoted, and the farming landscape has changed completely. It seems that the latest equipment is now being introduced into the process that was patiently carried out by hand. Even so, it seems that the feelings and appearance of the farmers who are devoting themselves to making persimmons do not change. To bring up under one’s personal care The persimmon trees that have been raised seem to produce fine and good quality persimmons every year in response to their affection. The yield is the highest in Japan, and the taste of persimmon seems to be as confident as any production area. Nara’s greenhouse persimmon seems to be a persimmon cultivated in a vinyl house called Tone persimmon, which was born in Nara prefecture. Cultivating in a greenhouse accelerates the harvest time, but it is less susceptible to rain and disasters, and it can be cultivated while managing fertilizer and water, so it seems that delicious persimmons with a higher sugar content can be harvested. The average temperature is 16 degrees, which is surprisingly high, and it seems to be 18 degrees or more. In addition, since the rain does not hit the trees directly, diseases are less likely to occur, and since vinyl and nets are stretched around the trees, it is possible to prevent the invasion of pests and reduce the amount of pesticides used. Therefore, it seems that safe and delicious persimmons can be shipped nationwide. For high-precision sorting with the latest equipment, the “color, scratches, volume, shape” of fruits can be calculated electro-optically by a new sorting device using the latest CCD color camera method, and the grade and class can be determined instantly. It seems that you will be able to do it. The selected fruits have good color and ball alignment, and it seems that the market evaluation will be significantly improved. In addition, it seems that the fruit selection effect will be dramatically improved by supplying 100% fruit for each article based on 3 fruits per second. An abbreviation for Charge Coupled Device, it is a semiconductor device that converts an image into an electrical signal and extracts it. The size is about 1 cm in length and width, and it seems that it is made up of small pixels arranged in a grid pattern like a grid. When shooting a landscape with a camera, the light from the subject passes through the lens and forms an image on the CCD. When light hits one pixel of the CCD, an electric charge is generated according to the intensity of the light. It seems that the light intensity (concentration value) of each pixel can be obtained by extracting the magnitude of the charge as an electric signal. It cases that eliminate infectivity by adhering to protruding proteins on the surface such as influenza virus. The taste and texture of Fuyu persimmon changes depending on how ripe it is. For hard persimmons, you can enjoy the crisp and refreshing sweetness and crispy texture, and for ripe persimmons, you can fully enjoy the sweet juice and melted flesh. Fuyu persimmon is the most produced product in Japan among sweet persimmons, and it has a better texture of flesh than other persimmons, has a lot of juice, and has a strong sweetness and ripens so that it is called the king of persimmons. It is also a characteristic of this excellent agricultural product that it has a melting texture when it comes. The delicious harvest time is about one month from early November to early December. When Nobu Ogura of Mizuho City, Gifu Prefecture, the birthplace, was an officer of the Youth Association, a person who moved to the Korean Peninsula in the same village was consulted to make Fuyu-gaki Persimmon on the Korean Peninsula, and in 1926 (In neighboring countries, Chiang Kai-shek (former military officer from Fenghua District, Zhejiang Province, 3rd and 5th National Government Chiefs, 1st President of the Republic of China, and Permanent President of the Chinese National Party) will launch an anti-co-coup d’etat on March 20 (Zhongshan). Fuyu-gaki Persimmon was sent to the Korean Peninsula (Keijō Imperial University opened in 1924, declared war on Japan in 1945, Soviet troops occupied the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, and closed in 1946).
