【製品名(商品名)】
せとか（鏡柑）
【種類】
Citrus L.
【卸地】
佐賀県唐津市半田（鏡果実農業協同組合）
【名前の由来】
The variety names are Hayasaki Seto（Known as the strait between the Shimabara Peninsula and the Amakusa Islands）, “Setouchi region”, and “fragrance”. Old Named registered varieties: Registration number: Tangor Norin No. 8 Registration date: August 21, 1998（Kuchinotsu No. 19）
【主な特徴】
The Ubama plateau is a wavy tabletop plateau with an altitude of 100 to 200 m that occupies most of the Higashimatsuura Peninsula protruding into the Genkai Sea in the northwestern part of Saga Prefecture. Its tributary, the hilly area northwest of the Tokusue River, is called “Uwaba”. This plateau was born about 27 million years ago, around the end of the Tertiary period, when the ground cracked and relatively soft basalt erupted from it, spreading out in a table-like shape. After that, crustal movements such as uplift and erosion were repeated, and it is thought that the current complex topography with many small erosion valleys was formed. In addition, the coastline where the plateau sinks is a typical ria coastline, and its complicated coastline is a scenic spot such as Nanatsugama. The Nabatake Ruins（They built a residence on the southern slope of the hill overlooking the tidal flat formed on the south side of the ancient sand dunes known as the Nanbu Sand Dunes in the urban area of Karatsu, and ran paddy fields in the valleys. Such locations are recognized as common on the coast of the Genkai Sea, such as the Ukikumita ruins in the city, which are early rice farming ruins, and the Magarita ruins in Itoshima City, Fukuoka Prefecture.）in Karatsu City (located in Shimoba) seem to occupy a very important position in Japan’s agriculture. These ruins consist of ruins of dwellings, paddy fields, shell mounds, etc. from the early Jomon period to the middle Yayoi period, and it seems that many carbonized grains of rice and seeds of aquatic plants were found in the remains of paddy fields from the late Jomon period. Agricultural tools such as stone kitchen knives, wooden hoes, stone axes, and stone chisels were also found, which together with the remains of water channels and ridges, prove to the world that full-scale paddy rice cultivation was practiced. Needless to say, this is an epoch-making discovery, and it has become clear that the Matsuura River basin is the oldest land in Japan for paddy rice cultivation. In addition, many ruins from the Paleolithic period to the Jomon period have been discovered, but the fact that there are extremely few ruins from the Yayoi period onwards is a problem that worries me, even though it is an agriculturally advanced area. Is holding. The Uwaba area is a unique upland farming area in Saga Prefecture, which is centered on paddy farming. Because shallow erosion valleys developed intricately on the plateau, forests, fields, and paddy fields became intertwined on a small scale. Our ancestors must have felt a great deal of pain and felt the joy of entrusting it to their future children. In addition, due to the low rainfall during the irrigation season and the poor development of rivers due to topography, this area has become a chronic drought area. It seems to have been a big obstacle. I heard that after the coal mines were closed one after another from the late 1955s, there was no industry worth seeing other than the low-productivity primary industry, and it was tolerated. In order to overcome this problem, Saga Prefecture formulated various comprehensive development plans as measures for the listed areas, and conducted surveys on desalination of Kariya Bay, groundwater development, dam development, etc., focusing on water resource development within the region. However, it seems that no irrigation water source could be found within the area to cover the water shortage of approximately 40 million m3. In July 1963, an unprecedented drought occurred, and you can imagine that the damage in the four towns of Uwaba exceeded the enormous cost. With this severe drought as a turning point, the passionate voices of the farmers to bring water to the listed plateau became a strong bond among the people, and the development of the listing started and the business progressed. It goes without saying that it was crowded. Saga Prefecture, which had been struggling with the development of water sources within the district, was involved in the listed district land improvement project, and the lack of progress in developing water sources within the district made it cautious about applying for district surveys, which apparently annoyed the residents. Around that time, Japan’s Ministry of Construction drew up the “Matsuura River water system construction implementation basic plan”. Was decided to be installed, and it seems that construction would start in 1969. In response to this, Saga Prefecture decided that it would be possible to draw water from the Matsuura River, and in fiscal 1968 applied for an investigation into the listed district land improvement project area. In fiscal 1973, the state-run listed land improvement project was started. As part of the Saga Prefecture Fruit Tree and Citrus Promotion Plan, the Saga Engei 888 Campaign was launched to promote agriculture, which the prefecture is proud of. This movement will increase the number of farmers who produce and sell horticultural crops and practice profitable agriculture, leading to a virtuous circle that will lead to securing the next generation of farmers. It looks like it’s trying to create a circle. Also, as a specific goal, he is aiming to increase the horticultural agricultural output of this prefecture as of 2017 from 62.9 billion japanese yen to 88.8 billion japanese yen as of 2028. Each and every one of the farmers and related organizations are united with their “ambition” and aim to achieve “888”. Fruit farming in Saga Prefecture is centered on outdoor cultivation of unshu mandarin oranges and middle-late-ripening citrus (e.g. pomelo) in the hilly area that stretches from the Ariake Sea coast in the southern part of the prefecture to the Taradake mountain range, bordering Tenzan in the center of the prefecture. In the hilly areas of the Nishimatsuura Peninsula in the western part of the prefecture, deciduous fruit trees such as pears and grapes are cultivated, and in the Higashimatsuura Peninsula, which stretches along the coast of the Genkai Sea in the northwestern part of the prefecture, greenhouse mandarin oranges boast the top cultivation area and production volume in Japan. It seems that a variety of fruit production areas with characteristics that make use of natural conditions have been formed. The fruit production value in FY2018 was 20.3 billion yen, which is about 16% of the total agriculture, and it seems that it occupies an important position in agriculture in this prefecture. Looking at the recent situation surrounding fruit farming, in terms of production, yields and quality are unstable due to the increase in old tree gardens, frequent occurrences of abnormal weather such as low temperatures in early spring, high temperatures and long rains in summer, and the emergence of new pests. At the same time, it seems to be a serious fact that expenses are increasing due to soaring prices of materials, etc., and profitability is declining. In terms of sales, unit sales prices have risen nationwide due to factors such as the shift to superior varieties with good taste, and the fact that supply and demand have been balanced due to a decrease in production volume due to a decrease in the number of producers. I’m happy to see that it’s improving. While continuing to work on sales promotion activities centered on domestic metropolitan areas, it seems that it is necessary to take measures with an eye to expanding exports, as the domestic market is expected to contract further in the future. In terms of structure, the aging of producers, the lack of successors, and the lack of progress in expanding the scale of the bearers have led to an increase in abandoned farmland and a decrease in the area of production areas. The people involved are desperate to keep it going. In addition, due to the declining birthrate, etc., it seems that it is becoming very difficult to secure the necessary employment during the busy farming season. Under these circumstances, the prefecture has been working on the “Saga horticulture 888 Movement” since 2018 in cooperation with producers, JA, municipalities, and other stakeholders. We have set a target of increasing the horticultural output value from the past to 88.8 billion yen by 2028. In order to achieve this target, we will further expand the production of high-quality fruit and promote the sales of prefectural fruit in domestic and overseas markets. It seems that the company is strengthening its efforts to improve its brand power and to collect excellent farmland for its farmers. In addition, in each production area, toward structural reform of fruit production areas such as promoting production according to consumer needs and building a strategic production and sales system, “Fruit Production Area Structural Reform Plan” Bearing in mind the form of the production areas that we should aim for, formulate a plan that includes target values for the next three and five years and specific strategies to achieve them, and promote structural reforms of production areas based on this plan. It seems that efforts are being made to realize this plan by formulating a plan and actively utilizing subsidies from the national and prefectural governments. HIKIYAMA festival car : Make a mold from clay on a wooden frame, and stack 100 to 200 washi sheets up to a thickness of 1 to 3 cm with type of glue produced from bracken starch or sour and puckery persimmon, remove the mold, and assemble a keel. Finished with linen and lacquer, powdered lacquer, colored lacquer, gold foil. KARATSU Kunchi is the autumn regularly held festival at Karatsu Shrine. Registered as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2015. In early March 2022, a child in Karatsu picked up a ginkgo that had fallen from a maiden hair tree in an elementary school and donated a portion of the money he earned to support Ukraine in Eastern Europe. Ukrainian people are having a lot of trouble from the children, so please use it. It is said that it was the children of Ikisa (Ochi Town) Elementary School who donated 20,000 yen to the Karatsu City Council of Social Welfare. Every year at the elementary school, as part of the comprehensive study, all the school children and staff collect the ginkgo nuts that have fallen from the maiden hair tree, which is said to be over 170 years old, and sell them to local facilities. The yield is about 100 kg and the sales are 90,000 yen, which is the highest ever, and it seems that they have decided to donate a part of 20,000 yen for the Ukrainians. Water and food will eventually run out, so it seems that donations will be sent to the Ukrainian Humanitarian Crisis Relief Fund of the Japanese Red Cross Society through the Karatsu City Council of Social Welfare to use it as money to buy water and food. Intensifying fighting across Ukraine has left many citizens in tension and anxiety. Citizens’ casualties, including children, have already been reported, and the infrastructure essential to civilian life has been severely damaged. Also, fearing the damage of the conflict, many people seem to have evacuated to Poland, Romania, Slovakia, etc. In response to this situation, the Japanese Red Cross is the International Committee of the Red Cross, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the humanitarian crisis response in Ukraine carried out by the Red Cross of each country, and neighboring countries and other countries that accept refugees from Ukraine. We are looking for overseas relief funds to support the relief activities in Ukraine. The domestic grapefruit “Sagan Ruby”, which is rare in Japan, is harvested every year in Karatsu City. “Sagan Ruby” is a grapefruit that was researched and developed by the Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University about 33 years ago, and was registered as the first variety in Japan in 2013, about 9 years ago. At the house of about 5 ares in the Hada district of Karatsu city, it seems that the Kagami Fruit Agricultural Cooperative in the district has been cultivating for about 18 years. According to the Kyoka Fruit Agricultural Cooperative Association, there are currently two cultivated “Sagan Ruby” in Karatsu City and one in Kashima City. The number of producers is steadily increasing, and the cultivation area will continue to expand. A citrus variety developed by the Faculty of Agriculture under the university brand of Saga University (Saga City, Saga Prefecture). It is a citrus fruit similar to grapefruit, and it is cold-resistant and easy to grow in Japan. It seems that efforts are being made with the cooperation of the Saga Agricultural Cooperative Association (Saga City) and local farmers. “Sagan Ruby” was registered as a trademark in April 2008 (No. 5131519). The right holder is Saga University, a national university corporation. Kuchinotsu, Minamishimabara City, Fruit Tree Experiment Station, Citrus Club (Kuchinotsu, Minamishimabara): It takes about 15 years to develop and nurture. Friends of Nagasaki Koi（Yearning）Mikan（Mandarin）; “Setoka” : It is famous as a tangor that was bred by crossing “Murcott” with kiyomi with Angkor No. 2 of the breeding system. A small-nucleus variety with large fruits, soft and juicy, aroma, high sugar content and good taste. Middle-aged Citrus L. matures from January to February. The fruit surface is smooth, the fruit shape is oblate with a high waist, and the skin is orange to dark orange. Thin, easy to peel, with a medium aroma similar to Angkor or Murcott. The flesh is dark orange, the sac is thin, the flesh is soft and juicy, and the number of seeds tends to be small, about 0-5. And it seems that parthenocarpy（Ovary wall and flower bed enlarge and form fruit without fertilization）is strong. The fruiting is good and it is easy to get results every year. Strong tendency to streptomyces spp., Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri. It is Susceptibility against citrus tristeza virus (ctv), and the incidence of stem pitting（Easily propagated by Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy, and also propagated by cotton aphids at a low rate）is high. Since one ball is heavy, it is necessary to manually support it so that the branches do not break due to its own weight as it grows. Application No. 10852 Date of application 1998/04/09 Date of publication of application 1999/03/18. Registration number 9398 Registration date 2001/10/18. Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act, Act No. 83 of May 29, 1998 : 25 years of breeder’s rights ; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NARO. Unique sweetness, chewy texture, and wonderful fragrance. Citrus “Three great elements.” The history of Nagasaki mandarin is that in 1780, the Omura feudal lord, “Sumiyasu OHMURA”, the Satsuma feudal “Nagashima mandarin” (Izumi District (former: Azuma Town) Nagashima-cho, Wenshu mandarin), and Ikiriki Village, Nishisonogi District (currently Isahaya). It is said that the cultivation was started by Mr. Yuiemon Tanaka, Mr. Rinemon Tanaka, and Mr. Tsuguemon Nakamichi of the city, formerly Tarami Town, Nishisonogi District. （Citrus Unshiu has heard that the seeds brought back from China by the envoy to Tang China began to bear fruit and were found in Kagoshima. High-quality “Satsuma mandarin” was cultivated from the Ikiriki region, and saplings began to be shipped nationwide, and it is called “Ikiriki-based Satsuma”. In 1876, it seems that oranges were sold by hand in the castle town. In addition, from around 1887, the production area of mandarin oranges was expanded in Ikiriki Village, and even today, the area is the main production area in Nagasaki Prefecture. From 1961, “Act on Special Measures for Promotion of Fruit Tree Agriculture (Government Ordinance No. 145)”, the Nagasaki Prefecture Citrus Promotion Plan was formulated, and the citrus cultivation area increased rapidly throughout the prefecture. Demand for fruit trees in Japan is generally declining and stagnant, and there is a growing tendency for small quantities to be sold as other items and for good quality. Many fruits, including mandarin oranges, are in overproduction. There are increasing demands from other countries to expand imports of fruits and fruit products. In order to achieve sound development, it is necessary to deal with the overproduction trend of fruits. Induce production that responds to trends. Fostering independent fruit tree farmers who can be the core players in the production area. And it is necessary to further strengthen the constitution of fruit tree agriculture. The system for promoting fruit tree agriculture was strengthened（Partial amendment of Law No. 15, July 1, 1985）. From NARO, the fruit of Setoka is a large fruit of 200 to 280 g, the fruit surface is smooth, and the fruit shape is oblate with a high waist. The pericarp is orange to dark orange, thin and easy to peel. It has a medium aroma similar to that of Angkor or Murcott, and has a good taste with a ripening period of February and a sugar content of 12 to 13%. The flesh is dark orange, the sac is thin, the flesh is soft and juicy, and the number of seeds is small at about 0-5. It is also characterized by its strong parthenocarpy. The tree is medium to slightly weak, and the tree is medium to open. The fruiting is good and the results are planned every year. It is strong against Elsinoë fawcettii（Wart-shaped or scab-shaped lesions on leaves, fruits, and branches. Citrus unshiu is weak and rarely occurs in midnight citrus, but lemon is weak. Wart-type lesions occur by the middle stage of spring leaf elongation, and lesions occur even after the end of elongation. Wart-type lesions form up to 1 cm in diameter in fruits, and lesions form above that.）, Xanthomonas citri subsp. Citri（Occurs on leaves, green branches and fruits. The lesions on the spring leaves are initially round, pale yellow, and water-soaked spots, which later expand to cork in the central part and become rough, and the circumference 0.5 mm width is water-soaked and further around. Produces a fairly wide yellow halo. The lesions on the back of the leaves are also corked and rough, but it seems to be a light brown raised scab. In summer and autumn leaves, citrus leaf miner often invades through wounds such as feeding damage and wind sway, so it seems that lesions generally tend to form along the wound. The petioles are also easily affected and the leaves fall violently. On the fruits and green branches, water-soaked dark green lesions are formed at first, and then they become cork and become light brown raised scabs. Overwintering lesions on leaves and branches are the primary source of transmission, but lesions on treetops in summer and autumn are especially important. In addition, in Spring cankers infected at relatively low temperatures in autumn, the amount of pathogenic bacteria released is even higher than in the lesions of summer-autumn treetops, making it more important as a source of transmission. The leaves are infected with stomata from the new leaf development stage to the growth arrest stage, and then when the tissue hardens, it is infected from the wound caused by the wind and the feeding damage scars of Phyllocnistis citrella. The main infection period for spring leaves is from early May to mid-June. Following the infection of spring leaves, it seems that the infection is repeated to spring branches and summer and autumn treetops. Infection of fruits is from immediately after flower fall to late September, mainly by secondary infection from leaves. Winds and rains accompanied by strong winds with wind speeds of 6 to 8 m or more, especially typhoons in summer, are the most important factors that promote the onset of disease. There is a difference in resistance depending on the type of citrus, and I heard that Satsuma mandarin is moderate.）, is susceptible to citrus tristeza virus (CTV), and seems to have a high incidence of stem pitting. As an aside, the mid-late citrus “Setoka” seems to produce a certain amount of softened fruits with low sugar and high acidity, mainly in greenhouse cultivation. Greenhouse-grown “Setoka” is often sold as a high-class fruit in units of one, and it seems that such low-quality fruits may rarely be subject to complaints from consumers. The quality of softened fruits during the harvest period is slightly smaller than that of normal fruits, the skin color is yellow, and the skin is thin. It seems that the fruit surface is smooth and the fruit is soft. Brix in fruit juice is about 30% lower than normal fruit, and acid seems to be about 40% higher. Fruits two months before harvest, which is the coloring period, tend to be late in coloring. Regarding the details of the components in fruit juice, fructose, glucose, and sucrose that make up sugar are all low, and sucrose, which is the main sugar, is about 70% lower. In addition, the content of almost all amino acids composed is low, and the total amount of all amino acids seems to be about 30% lower. The incidence rate by fruit set site is particularly high in the inside, and it seems that it is estimated to be about 12%. The incidence of other parts is 1 to 4%, and it seems to be about 3% on average. In the fruit of softening disease, the photosynthetic product made from the leaves did not transfer from the fruit stalk (fruit axis) to the fruit by the experiment using the stable isotope of carbon, and the phloem (fruit axis) by microscopic observation. It has been confirmed that callose (β-1,3-glucan), which is a kind of polysaccharide, is accumulated in the phloem in the fruit stalk). It seems that callose blocks the phloem and inhibits the translocation of photosynthetic products to the fruit, leading to quality deterioration. It seems that the methods to prevent the shipment of softened fruits are to remove the inner fruits as much as possible at the time of fruit picking and to pick small fruits that are late in coloring during the coloring period about 2 months before harvesting. In addition, it seems that fruits that are slightly softened by small balls that are yellowish compared to fruits with a normal appearance are excluded at the time of harvesting or home sorting. If a joint fruit sorting plant with an optical sensor is available, it seems effective to eliminate fruits with low sugar content. Consumers should choose a uniform color, a smooth surface, a glossy surface, and a bluish tint on the calyx. Also, the ones that feel heavy when you hold them are delicious with a lot of juice. The shape may be more delicious if it is flat than if it is tall. “Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture” : It is located in the northwestern part of the prefecture. The city area covers about 36 km east-west and about 30 km north-south, with a total area of about 487.60 km2. It occupies about 20% of the whole prefecture. The eastern part of the city is Itoshima City and Saga City, Fukuoka Prefecture. The southern part is Taku City, Takeo City, and Imari City. The western part borders Matsuura City, Nagasaki Prefecture, separated by Genkai Town and Imari Bay. The northern part faces the Genkai Sea. In the eastern part, the Sefuri mountain range slopes gently toward Karatsu Bay. The central part has a flat part along the basin of the Matsuura River, and the western part has a hilly Uwaba plateau. Karatsu Bay, which forms the land, has strip-shaped Matsubara and sandy beaches on both wings, and Takashima is located in the center of the bay. etc. Agriculture : Early paddy field remains including continental ground stoneware and carbonized rice were concentrated and discovered in the northern Kyushu region, such as the Itazuke site located at Hakata Ward, Fukuoka City, Nabatake site located at Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture, Magarita site located at Fukuoka Prefecture and Notame site located at Fukuoka Prefecture. The essence of art that connects the modern era to the future. Traditional ceramic art of ‘Karatsu ware’ dates all the way back to the Momoyama period. In the beginning of karatsu ware, cloudy straw ashes glaze was used frequently. But after the Meiji Restoration, karatsu ware lost the clan’s patronage, and the number of kilns which canceled production increased, they doubted whether it continued. ‘Ichiraku 2 Hagi 3 Karatsu’ : Designated as a traditional Japanese craft along with the branch Takeo Kokaratsu ware. Tadazane’s younger brother, the Lord of the Mikawa-Yoshida Domain (present-day Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture), and Tadatomo OGASAWARA (whose descendants were lords of Karatsu Domain, Hizen Province [present-day Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture] at the time of the Meiji Restoration) invited Sohen Yamada, one of the ‘Four Heavenly Kings’ (as the closest followers of the founder of the Sansenke（Omote, Ura, Mushakoji（Kankyu hermitage））tea ceremony, SEN no Sotan, were known), to revive the matcha ceremony, though separately from the Ogasawara style. Tadazane（Shimousa Country Koga Castle : Mr. Fuchu Ogasawara）stayed the position as the lord of the Kokura Domain until the end of Edo period and the line of Tadatomo which was relocated to some places, was finally relocated to the Karatsu Domain, Hizen Province (presently Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture) holding 60,000 koku and the line of Nagatsugu was finally relocated to the Anji Domain, Harima Province (presently Himeji City, Hyogo Prefecture) holding 10,000 koku as the result of change of rank due to misrule and extinction of the family line. Now, let’s return to the story of mandarin oranges. This is a bud mutation of Wase Miyagawa found by Hisahiko UENO（Ueno-Wase）of Hamatama Town, Higashimatsuura District, (today’s Karatsu City,) Saga Prefecture in 1970, and was registered as a new variety in 1985. Also, It is a bud mutation of Miyakawa-wase found by Mr. Hirofumi Morita（Morita Citrus Unshiu）of Nanayama Village, Higashimatsuura District (today’s Karatsu City,) Saga Prefecture, and was registered as a new variety in 1980. A long-established company that the city is proud of Miyajima Soy Sauce Co., Ltd. (founded a soy sauce brewery in Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture in 1882. About 140 years of continuous production of soy sauce and miso, which can be said to be the origin of Japanese food. It is said that he continues to seek more delicious, rich and reliable taste while responding to the voices of people and the times. Based on traditional fermentation technology, various sauces, powdered soy sauce, liquid soy sauce, brewed meat sauce, etc. It seems that it has expanded the range of food manufacturing technology to noodle soup, dressing, spices, canned foods, retort foods, frozen foods. Creating the future from the origin of deliciousness.) Is a short movie, delicious is connecting omoi. Will be delivered from 12:00 on January 13, 2022 (Thursday). The concept of the image is delicious, but it seems to connect thoughts. An excellent older sister who is loved by everyone. She has mixed feelings about her sister and she hates her sister. The lunch box that her sister cooks with her thoughts gently draws the heart of her sister who has left her. And the taste of her sister’s bond was the taste of her mother, who had long been accustomed to it. Delicious is something that connects people’s feelings. It seems that the “family bond” is expressed through the story of the sisters. With the idea of “connecting people and supporting people’s happiness through food,” this work, delicious, connects people’s thoughts. Was produced. Creation of a profitable agricultural management entity. As consumer needs become more sophisticated and diversified, price polarization seems to be progressing depending on fruit quality and characteristics. In addition, profitability is on a downward trend due to a decrease in yield due to the aging of trees in the orchard, soaring material costs such as fertilizer and fuel oil prices, and deterioration in quality due to abnormal weather such as high temperatures, droughts and torrential rains. It’s a problem. In addition, the aging population and lack of successors are becoming serious, and the cultivated area continues to decrease in the long term. Therefore, we introduced high-quality fruit production technology, replanted varieties that meet consumer needs, and energy-saving. We will promote highly profitable fruit production by thoroughly implementing cost-saving measures, and will also promote the development of infrastructure for orchards. Production of competitive agricultural products by market-in, promotion of introduction of high-quality fruit production technology, and fruit are still strongly positioned as “luxury goods”. It seems that polarization is on the rise. Therefore, it is necessary to promote cultivation with restricted root zone, which enables production of high-quality fruits, In addition to promoting the further introduction of production techniques such as mulch cultivation and biennial alternating seed-bearing cultivation, it seems that they will promote consolidation so that these techniques can be introduced across the area. In addition, they aim to produce and supply high-quality fruit that satisfies consumers by building a guidance system to make use of the fruit sorting data and cultivation history of the optical sensor type fruit sorting machine for the next year’s cultivation. Due to the introduction of high-quality varieties, the promotion of conversion to highly profitable items, and changes in consumer needs, products with “high sugar content,” “easy to eat,” and “excellent functionality.” The demand for fruits with which characteristics is increasing. Under these circumstances, an expert in Saga Prefecture believes that it is necessary to continue replanting extremely early-maturing varieties that compete with other deciduous fruit trees because the quality of the open-air unshu mandarin oranges, which is the pillar of the prefecture’s fruit trees, is not stable says. In addition, it seems that it is important to narrow down the types of cultivars to some extent, as well as to secure shipment volume and improve the quality of fruits, with regard to the overcrowding of citrus fruits. Regarding “Japanese Pear”, due to the increase in old tree gardens, etc., the occurrence of soil diseases and the decrease in productivity are remarkable.
As a result, there is an urgent need to rejuvenate the park. In addition, we expect an increase in demand for citrus fruits suitable for processing and items containing a large amount of functional ingredients. For this reason, we have introduced excellent varieties such as “Nijyu Maru Mikan (Saga Kashi（果試）No. 35)” and “Shine Muscat Grape” that can be expected to produce the fruit quality and stable high-yield demanded by consumers and the market. Promoting conversion to highly profitable items.
From NARO, it is a tangor that was bred by crossing “Marcot” with the breeding line Kiyomi × Encore No. 2. It is a large, soft, juicy, fragrant, low-nucleus cultivar with a high sugar content and good taste. The fruit is large, weighing 200-280 g, with a smooth surface and a flat, well-rounded fruit shape. The pericarp is orange to dark orange, thin and easy to peel. It has a medium fragrance similar to Angkor or Marcot, ripens in February, has a sugar content of 12-13%, and has a good taste. The pulp is dark orange, the funnel is thin, the flesh is soft and juicy, and the number of seeds is 0-5. Parthenocarpy (in plants, the ovary wall and flower beds are enlarged without fertilization and fruit is formed. Automatic parthenocarpy (narrowly defined parthenocarpy) that does not require pollination, and fertilization that does not require fertilization. However, there seems to be a transitive parthenocarpy in which fruit formation is triggered by pollination by distantly related pollen, cold temperatures, treatment with plant hormones, etc. As a similar phenomenon, the fertilized embryo stops developing prematurely. It is also characterized by its strong ability to produce seedless fruits due to degeneration, etc., but this is called pseudoparthenocarpy. Confirmed the effect of suppressing the occurrence of sunburned fruits by net shading from outdoor cultivation. Introductory costs such as facility costs and installation labor hours became an issue. Therefore, some regions are working to reduce these emissions. As for other factors that inhibit fruit appearance, some effects were confirmed with calcium carbonate wettable powder. Extracted from a local demonstration field in the Higashi Kishu area, which is a citrus production area in Mie Prefecture. CaCO3 (classified industrially into light calcium carbonate (light coal) and heavy calcium carbonate (heavy coal). Light coal is chemically produced from limestone (calcium carbonate), and is either precipitated calcium carbonate or synthetic calcium carbonate. Heavy charcoal is produced by physically pulverizing and classifying limestone), spraying wettable powder, and shade net materials, etc., to compare and study the effect of suppressing sunburn and other factors that hinder fruit appearance. Early harvesting and storage at the local demonstration farm “Setoka mikan”, comparison of harvested fruits and fruit quality, and study of labor saving of bagging work in winter. Summarize introduction costs, etc., and create a manual for technology introduction. And strive to spread and expand it. The Mie Prefectural Kumano Agriculture and Forestry Office Kishu Regional Agricultural Extension Center plays a central role in coordinating each organization and managing the progress of the project.
Creation of a profitable agricultural management entity. As consumer needs become more sophisticated and diversified, prices are becoming more polarized depending on fruit quality and characteristics. In addition, it seems that profitability is on a downward trend due to a decrease in yield due to the aging of trees in the orchard, soaring material costs such as fertilizer and fuel oil prices, and deterioration in quality due to abnormal weather such as high temperatures, droughts and torrential rains. are all working together to fight. However, the aging population and lack of successors are becoming serious problems. Therefore, we will promote highly profitable fruit production by introducing high-quality fruit production technology, planting varieties that meet consumer needs, and thoroughly implementing energy-saving and cost-saving measures. also promoted.
Agricultural cooperatives are voluntarily established by farmers based on the Agricultural Cooperatives Law (Agricultural Cooperative Law: 2018 Law No. 71, 1947 Law No. 132) for the purpose of mutual assistance. It is a cooperative and has legal personality. It also aims to improve the economic and social status of farmers through mutual assistance and cooperation in production and consumption activities. There are also cooperatives all over the world. Even in Japan, where joint-stock companies have great influence, cooperatives such as agricultural cooperatives and consumer cooperatives have a certain amount of power. Needless to say, there is a demand for theoretical clarification of the significance of the existence of cooperatives in today’s economic society and their future development. The spread of cooperatives in Japan is also closely related to the development of the capitalist economy. About 120 years ago, the Meiji government decided to establish a credit union system in Germany in order to stabilize rural areas where a commodity economy was spreading. Consider introducing. Law No. 34 of March 7, 1900, the Industrial Cooperative Law, which is a modern cooperative, is enacted. Agricultural cooperatives after World War II were essentially reorganized agricultural associations under the Agricultural Organization Law during the war. Industrial associations in rural areas, agricultural associations, sericulture associations, tea industry associations, livestock associations, and poultry associations, which have no legal basis, were integrated into agricultural associations under the Agricultural Organizations Act of 1943. If they are public corporations or trade associations with compulsory membership, etc. However, it is an obvious fact that all of them were included in the scope of the postwar Agricultural Cooperatives Law.