【製品名(商品名)】
ゴーヤー
【種類】
Momordica charantia var. pavel
【卸地】
沖縄県宮古島市平良字下里（農業生産法人 合同会社ティダはうす）
【名前の由来】
In Chinese, it was called bitter melon (gugua), and in Okinawa it is officially written as “goya” with a stretch bar at the end, and it is thought that it led to this excellent agricultural product.
【主な特徴】
Bon Festival of the lunar calendar is one of the biggest events in Okinawa. It is said that during the three days of the Bon Festival of the lunar calendar, ancestral spirits return to the home of the family Buddhist altar to spend time with their descendants. The Bon Festival of the lunar calendar is held for three days from July 13th to 15th of the lunar calendar. 2022 seems to fall on the 20th to 22nd of the 8th month of the Gregorian calendar. Relatives gather at homes with Buddhist altars and have a good time with the spirits of their ancestors. Each of the three days during the period has a name. On the first day, Unke (pick up). The second day is Nakabi (Chunichi). Day 3, Ukui (sending). On the morning of the first day, each family cleans the house and Buddhist altar. After that, the altar is decorated with lots of fruits, incense sticks, candles, flowers, sugar cane, and colorful lanterns. Then, on the evening of the first day, we welcome the spirits of our ancestors. On the second day, they visit their relative’s homes with midsummer gifts, and offer incense to the Buddhist altars of each house. The third day is the most important day of the festival, the day to see off the spirits of the ancestors. Everyone enjoys dinner before performing a ceremony to send off the spirits of ancestors to the graves during this period, which is called “Guso no Shougachi” (New Year’s Day) or “Juurukunichi”. It is considered impolite to send off ancestral spirits early, so the ceremony is usually held at night. After dinner, the head of the family conducts a ceremony on behalf of the family. Burn incense sticks and Uchikabi, which is considered money in Guso, in a bowl. Food and wine are then placed in the same bowl for the ancestral spirits to bring home as souvenirs for Gusso. It seems that there is a reason why it is called uchikabi because the pattern of the coin is “struck on the paper”. At the factory, Uchikabi is manufactured using a custom-made special machine, and a coin-shaped pattern called Hatome-sen is applied. Since the spread of the new coronavirus infection, traditional events have been forced to be reduced in scale or canceled, but in order to keep the customs passed down from generation to generation in Okinawa, respect for Uyafafuji (ancestors). Entrust it to Uchikabi.
In 1609, the Satsuma Domain, which invaded Ryukyu, conducted a detection on the islands of Okinawa. After that, the Ryukyu royal government under the pressure of Satsuma imposed a tax on the people of the islands of Miyakojima and Yaeyama, called Poll Tax. It is so called because it was a tax based on the population (number of heads). Poll Tax, which oppressed the harsh tax that has plagued the people of Okinawa for more than 260 years from 1637 to 1903. I heard that the taxes collected by the Ryukyu Kingdom were so heavy that villagers were thinned out and even murdered on remote islands. The Poll Tax system called “SHOZU” at this time has to be paid even if the family does not have income to live, even if they sacrifice their food and sometimes the life of the family, and the people of the island have to pay. It seems that it was a slave-like life of living for the payment of Poll Tax. Why is the tax so strict? The first reason is that the amount of income from islands and regions is fixed by the Poll Tax method so that the total amount of tax income of the Ryukyu dynasty does not decrease even in the year when the yield and production are low due to drought and typhoon damage. There seems to be something. Therefore, it seems that “farmers” had to supplement the fixed amount and grain amount with other things even in the year when the crops were harvested low. In addition, it seems that all men and women between the ages of 15 and 50 were divided into 5 to 7 statuses according to their social status in the area, and what to pay as tax was decided for each. In addition to the fact that ordinary farmers were divided into four stages for both men and women, it seems that the tax burden for each status was actually decided in more detail. I’ve also heard that high-ranking people didn’t pay at all or pushed much of their payments to low-ranking people. Not only that, it seems that high-ranking people who are the same islanders have added extra Poll Tax from farmers to collect various things in order to increase their assets. Again, Poll Tax was a very strict system in which you had to pay a fixed amount of tax regardless of the person’s income, job description, age, or gender. This tax collection was carried out not only in Miyakojima and Yaeyama but also in Japan and foreign countries at that time, but the tax collection that the Ryukyu dynasty did on the islands such as Miyakojima and Yaeyama was transmitted to the mainland as being particularly strict. As a result of the census, the amount of money in Yaeyama was estimated to be over 2666 koku rice, and a tax was levied on the head. It seems that it was called head hanging at that time. The tax bearer is called Shozu (正人), and is divided into upper (21-40 years old) middle (41-45 years old) lower (46-50 years old) lower (15-20 years old) village rank (each village). The tax was decided by taking into account (distinguishing from top, middle, bottom, bottom and bottom). The tax amount is announced on the board, and people record it using warazan and Kaida glyphs; pictograms formerly used in the Miyakojima Islands. Women paid with cloth, but it was extremely rare at that time to impose taxes on women, and it seems that they had to provide a labor force such as “Twenty-day Odela”, so living in the Poll Tax era is difficult. It seems it was. The folklore of how harsh it was, such as Tungda (a sad place where people were reduced in Yonaguni, which was suffering from heavy defeat in the 17th century), Kubura-bari, and Paipati Roma, has been handed down. Miyakojima is located about 300 km southwest of the main island of Okinawa, about 2000 km from Tokyo, 24-25 degrees north latitude, 125-126 degrees east longitude, and has six large and small islands (Miyakojima, Ikemajima, Kurimajima, Irabejima, Shimojishima, Ogami). Kamishima). Miyakojima City has a total area of 204 km2 and a population of about 55,000, and most of the population is concentrated in the Hirara area. The entire island is generally flat, with a low plateau shape, few mountainous areas, no large rivers, and seems to rely on groundwater for most of its domestic water. In addition to the current situation, Miyakojima has declared “Eco Island Miyakojima” to protect the groundwater and create an environment. It seems to be an initiative that began with the aim of protecting the environment of a great island, carefully using and devising the resources that the island brings, continuing to live forever, and creating a rich island that is loved by everyone. In 2008, the vision was “Eco Island Miyakojima Declaration”, and in 2018, “Eco Island Miyakojima Declaration 2.0” was set up. “Eco-island created together” is a pledge from other people to their own affairs. For example, regarding sewerage development, in 1989, we started a sewerage project to improve the living environment in urban areas and to conserve water quality in public water areas. Construction of a pipe pipe was started in 1992, and construction of a terminal treatment plant and a pumping station was started in 1994, and the service started in November 1997. Miyakojima City was born on October 1, 2005 by the merger of the former five municipalities (Hirara City, Shirobe Town, Irabu Town, Shimoji Town, Ueno Village), and there are 116 designated cultural properties of the city, which are municipalities in Okinawa Prefecture. Apart from that, it will be the largest number of cultural properties. Miyakojima develops vegetables, fruit trees, livestock, etc. that take advantage of the warm climate, and contributes to the development of the local economy and society as a vegetable supply production area in winter and spring. Main agricultural products Bitter gourd, wax gourd, okla, squash, french beans, mango, beef cattle, etc. We have enhanced a support system for new farmers who can deal with disadvantages. Aiming for stable management centered on the city’s base production area items, for new farmers who are expected to become the leaders of regional agriculture, agricultural related organizations and supervising farmers collaborate to prepare for farming by utilizing various businesses. And support farming establishment. May 8th is “Goya Day”. Bitter melon, which is a typical agricultural product, is a bitter melon vegetable, but it contains a lot of nutrients such as vitamin C, and it seems that it is often eaten in order to spend the hot summer of Okinawa well. On Miyakojima, bitter melon is called “Gora”. In Okinawa, it is called “Goya”, and in the United States, it is called “Bitter Melon”. Among the many dishes, goya champuru is popular. Tempura is also delicious, but if you eat it raw as a salad, it will be a bit bitter, but if you add dried bonito flakes, it will be very delicious. It is said that the bitter melon was transmitted from China during the Edo period. In Okinawa, the name “Bitter sweet” was written in a book called “Ryukyu Kingdom Origin” (Kangxi 52: 1713: Shotoku 3) during the Ryukyu Kingdom era. Famous as a healthy vegetable in Okinawa. Eat unripe fruits before ripening. Bitterness is attractive, but if you are not good at it, you can get rid of it by sprinkling salt on it and boiling it over it. It’s said to be useful for energy saving while enjoying gardening. The name is green garden of bitter melon. Hard skin bitter melon prevents the loss of its components and can absorb nutrients efficiently even when cooked. Rich in vitamin C. In addition, the nutritional value is characteristic, and the saying “Good medicine tastes bitter / Good medicine is bitter in to the mouth” is originally associated with “bitter melon”. Tida House, an agricultural production corporation in Shimozato, Hirara, Miyakojima City, Okinawa Prefecture, is exactly the house of the sun. Goya, which has been eaten by Okinawans since the Ryukyu dynasty, was previously cultivated in the gardens of homes. Occasionally, the elderly in the neighborhood will have a hard time competing for the result. Recently, it has been cultivated year-round and can be eaten regardless of the season, but the season is from April to July, which is a representative vegetable of summer.
In 1609, the Satsuma Domain, which invaded Ryukyu, conducted a detection on the islands of Okinawa. After that, the Ryukyu royal government under the pressure of Satsuma imposed a tax on the people of the islands of Miyakojima and Yaeyama, called Poll Tax. It is so called because it was a tax based on the population (number of heads). Poll Tax, which oppressed the harsh tax that has plagued the people of Okinawa for more than 260 years from 1637 to 1903. I heard that the taxes collected by the Ryukyu Kingdom were so heavy that villagers were thinned out and even murdered on remote islands. The Poll Tax system called “SHOZU” at this time has to be paid even if the family does not have income to live, even if they sacrifice their food and sometimes the life of the family, and the people of the island have to pay. It seems that it was a slave-like life of living for the payment of Poll Tax. Why is the tax so strict? The first reason is that the amount of income from islands and regions is fixed by the Poll Tax method so that the total amount of tax income of the Ryukyu dynasty does not decrease even in the year when the yield and production are low due to drought and typhoon damage. There seems to be something. Therefore, it seems that “farmers” had to supplement the fixed amount and grain amount with other things even in the year when the crops were harvested low. In addition, it seems that all men and women between the ages of 15 and 50 were divided into 5 to 7 statuses according to their social status in the area, and what to pay as tax was decided for each. In addition to the fact that ordinary farmers were divided into four stages for both men and women, it seems that the tax burden for each status was actually decided in more detail. I’ve also heard that high-ranking people didn’t pay at all or pushed much of their payments to low-ranking people. Not only that, it seems that high-ranking people who are the same islanders have added extra Poll Tax from farmers to collect various things in order to increase their assets. Again, Poll Tax was a very strict system in which you had to pay a fixed amount of tax regardless of the person’s income, job description, age, or gender. This tax collection was carried out not only in Miyakojima and Yaeyama but also in Japan and foreign countries at that time, but the tax collection that the Ryukyu dynasty did on the islands such as Miyakojima and Yaeyama was transmitted to the mainland as being particularly strict. As a result of the census, the amount of money in Yaeyama was estimated to be over 2666 koku rice, and a tax was levied on the head. It seems that it was called head hanging at that time. The tax bearer is called Shozu (正人), and is divided into upper (21-40 years old) middle (41-45 years old) lower (46-50 years old) lower (15-20 years old) village rank (each village). The tax was decided by taking into account (distinguishing from top, middle, bottom, bottom and bottom). The tax amount is announced on the board, and people record it using warazan and Kaida glyphs; pictograms formerly used in the Miyakojima Islands. Women paid with cloth, but it was extremely rare at that time to impose taxes on women, and it seems that they had to provide a labor force such as “Twenty-day Odela”, so living in the Poll Tax era is difficult. It seems it was. The folklore of how harsh it was, such as Tungda (a sad place where people were reduced in Yonaguni, which was suffering from heavy defeat in the 17th century), Kubura-bari, and Paipati Roma, has been handed down. Miyakojima is located about 300 km southwest of the main island of Okinawa, about 2000 km from Tokyo, 24-25 degrees north latitude, 125-126 degrees east longitude, and has six large and small islands (Miyakojima, Ikemajima, Kurimajima, Irabejima, Shimojishima, Ogami). Kamishima). Miyakojima City has a total area of 204 km2 and a population of about 55,000, and most of the population is concentrated in the Hirara area. The entire island is generally flat, with a low plateau shape, few mountainous areas, no large rivers, and seems to rely on groundwater for most of its domestic water. In addition to the current situation, Miyakojima has declared “Eco Island Miyakojima” to protect the groundwater and create an environment. It seems to be an initiative that began with the aim of protecting the environment of a great island, carefully using and devising the resources that the island brings, continuing to live forever, and creating a rich island that is loved by everyone. In 2008, the vision was “Eco Island Miyakojima Declaration”, and in 2018, “Eco Island Miyakojima Declaration 2.0” was set up. “Eco-island created together” is a pledge from other people to their own affairs. For example, regarding sewerage development, in 1989, we started a sewerage project to improve the living environment in urban areas and to conserve water quality in public water areas. Construction of a pipe pipe was started in 1992, and construction of a terminal treatment plant and a pumping station was started in 1994, and the service started in November 1997. Miyakojima City was born on October 1, 2005 by the merger of the former five municipalities (Hirara City, Shirobe Town, Irabu Town, Shimoji Town, Ueno Village), and there are 116 designated cultural properties of the city, which are municipalities in Okinawa Prefecture. Apart from that, it will be the largest number of cultural properties. Miyakojima develops vegetables, fruit trees, livestock, etc. that take advantage of the warm climate, and contributes to the development of the local economy and society as a vegetable supply production area in winter and spring. Main agricultural products Bitter gourd, wax gourd, okla, squash, french beans, mango, beef cattle, etc. We have enhanced a support system for new farmers who can deal with disadvantages. Aiming for stable management centered on the city’s base production area items, for new farmers who are expected to become the leaders of regional agriculture, agricultural related organizations and supervising farmers collaborate to prepare for farming by utilizing various businesses. And support farming establishment. May 8th is “Goya Day”. Bitter melon, which is a typical agricultural product, is a bitter melon vegetable, but it contains a lot of nutrients such as vitamin C, and it seems that it is often eaten in order to spend the hot summer of Okinawa well. On Miyakojima, bitter melon is called “Gora”. In Okinawa, it is called “Goya”, and in the United States, it is called “Bitter Melon”. Among the many dishes, goya champuru is popular. Tempura is also delicious, but if you eat it raw as a salad, it will be a bit bitter, but if you add dried bonito flakes, it will be very delicious. It is said that the bitter melon was transmitted from China during the Edo period. In Okinawa, the name “Bitter sweet” was written in a book called “Ryukyu Kingdom Origin” (Kangxi 52: 1713: Shotoku 3) during the Ryukyu Kingdom era. Famous as a healthy vegetable in Okinawa. Eat unripe fruits before ripening. Bitterness is attractive, but if you are not good at it, you can get rid of it by sprinkling salt on it and boiling it over it. It’s said to be useful for energy saving while enjoying gardening. The name is green garden of bitter melon. Hard skin bitter melon prevents the loss of its components and can absorb nutrients efficiently even when cooked. Rich in vitamin C. In addition, the nutritional value is characteristic, and the saying “Good medicine tastes bitter / Good medicine is bitter in to the mouth” is originally associated with “bitter melon”. Tida House, an agricultural production corporation in Shimozato, Hirara, Miyakojima City, Okinawa Prefecture, is exactly the house of the sun. Goya, which has been eaten by Okinawans since the Ryukyu dynasty, was previously cultivated in the gardens of homes. Occasionally, the elderly in the neighborhood will have a hard time competing for the result. Recently, it has been cultivated year-round and can be eaten regardless of the season, but the season is from April to July, which is a representative vegetable of summer.
May 8th is “Bitter Gourd Day” every year. In 1997, the prefectural governments and other organizations established these standards. Every year, related organizations such as JA, prefectures, and cities collaborate to carry out sales promotion campaigns. Bitter melons with large grains such as abashi goya are not very bitter, while those with small grains and a dark color are bitter. If you don’t like bitter gourd, you can soften the bitter taste by rubbing it with salt and draining it. As a characteristic ingredient, it is rich in vitamin C, which is about 1.5 times that of lemons. It is easy to understand that it is a superior vegetable because it is said that it does not break easily even when heated. In addition, momordecin (bitter taste) is gentle on the liver and is expected to stimulate the stomach and intestines and increase appetite. In addition, charantin, polypeptide-P, cucurbitacin, etc. are also included as components.
It is said to have originated in the northeastern part of India and was introduced to China during the Ming Dynasty (end of the 14th century), and to Japan via China between 1596 and 1615 (Keicho era). It seems that it is thought that it has been transmitted by the first half of the bitter gourd, which has been eaten by the people of Okinawa since the Ryukyu Dynasty (1429-1879), was formerly grown in home gardens. Recently, it is cultivated all year round and is eaten regardless of the season. Traditional Okinawan vegetables are in season from April to July.
The population working in agriculture in the Miyako district is on a downward trend, and the aging of farmers is progressing remarkably. Agricultural production corporation Tida House LLC is full of dreams and is always implementing a fulfilling and unique agricultural development from the consumer’s point of view. I especially like pumpkins.