【製品名(商品名)】
ふなばし大穴のなし, あきづき
【種類】
Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.) Nakai var. culta (Mak.) Nakai
【生産地】
千葉県船橋市大穴北（大長園）
【名前の由来】
It has a strong sweetness and a soft texture. It was named because it has beautiful round skin like the autumn moon.
【主な特徴】
Oana District: There are various theories about the origin of the place name, such as a large hole dug in gold, a large hole dug in search of iron sand, a large hole where water springs, and a large horizontal hole in a cliff. It is said that the pioneer was a certain Saito family, and the place where Oana Junior High School is located has been said for a long time. In the current Oana area, there is a Jomon period ruin called Ebigasaku Shell Mound. The shrimp midden seems to be from the middle of the Jomon period. A dog’s burial bone was found here, and it seems that it was bred in the village at that time. Although the shellfish is mainly clams, oysters and clams have been confirmed. As for the side dishes, black sea bream is the most common, and sardines and sea bass have been detected, and wild boars, deer, and hares have been found. In addition, shellfish and gobies that live in freshwater have also been found. In addition, the largest pottery in the city was discovered, with a height of 70 cm or more and a caliber of 48 cm on the inside. Other stone axes were also found, and there are two types: hammered and ground stone axes. There are three forms: an elongated strip shape, a weight shape with a constriction, and a repellent shape with a wide blade. In the area called Koaza Matsuyama in Oana, what seems to be an old burial mound has been found. In addition, it is said that haniwa or Haji pottery fragments appear from the nearby fields. However, it has not yet been confirmed. There is also a story that fragments of Haji pottery were found in an area called Koaza Kamada. It is probable that Oana, Kusugayama, Kanehori, Kowagama, Tsuboi, etc. in Chiba District, Shimousa were in the same township as Yoshihashi in Yachiyo City, downstream of the Kido River and Kuwana River. From the end of the Heian period to the Kamakura period, these areas were called Jinbo Township. In addition, from these villages to the present Kayada, Yachiyo City, it is called Kayada Jinbo’s Mikuriya, and it is said that it was donated to Ise Jingu. There are many old houses in Matsuyama, which looks south from the Misaki River, a tributary of the Kuwana River. There are many houses with the surname Mr. Saito here, and most of them are said to be connected to a certain pioneer Saito family in this area. It is said that the Saito clan used ginkgo biloba and taro instead of vegetables for the New Year’s dish. The Shimousa Miyama Seven-Year Festival is a festival designated as an intangible folk cultural property designated by Chiba Prefecture, where nine shrines centered around Ninomiya Shrine in Miyama gather. It is said that it is called the Seven Years Festival because it is held in the year of the ox and the year before the year. There are many unclear points about how the festival has become what it is today, but it is said that it was held once every seven years in 1727. It has been shaped throughout the late Edo period. The Oana district participates in this festival as a shrine parishioner at Hachioji Shrine. After the festival, a shrine parishioner tour called Hanagashi will be held for two days. It was also held in 2015, and in the Oana district, flower flow was carried out mainly in the north of Oana. It is believed that the land of shrimp was reclaimed around the time of Kanbun and Enpo (the latter half of the 17th century). At first, a few houses are thought to have lived in this area, all of which are said to have come from Oana Village. The house is said to have been built near the current Oana Elementary School. It is believed that there were many wolves and wolves in the forest wilderness of this area, and peasants are said to have built banks around their homes to prevent them. There are many stone monuments engraved with Koshinto from ancient times. Koshinto refers to a stone pagoda built in commemoration of Koshinto（A stone pagoda built on the basis of the Koshin faith derived from Taoism introduced from China. Based on the “Three Corpses Theory” that Chinese Taoism preaches, Buddhism, especially esoteric Buddhism, Shintoism, Shugendo, magical medicine, and various Japanese folk beliefs and customs are intricately intertwined. 三尸: Insects thought to be in the human body, believed to be derived from Taoism.）. In order to prevent the insect called Sanshi, who is inside the human body, from going to report the evil of the human to the Emperor while sleeping, he did not sleep all night on the day of the Yang Metal Monkey and worked. It is a custom to have a banquet. This stone monument was built mainly after the Edo period. Some of the stone monuments are engraved with “Oana 村” and “Oana 邑”, and it can be seen that the name Oana was used at that time. The poet, Mrs. Sonome Saito, was born around 1781 to the Mr. Yasubei Saito family in Oana Village, and since he was a teenager, he has aspired to become a haiku and has been associated with many haiku poets. She built her memorial tower at Kannonzan Saikouin to coincide with her late husband’s 7th anniversary on the 1836 pension. It is engraved with the phrase “Going through the bell of paradise.” In her haiku collection called “Tanomu Kageshu”, which was created to commemorate the woman’s 80 years old, a picture of the woman drawn by the Edo lacquer artist Shibata Zeshin, who had a close relationship with her, was drawn. There are many phrases of the poets who had friends with her. She died on January 28, 1868, at the age of 87. Her grave marker is located at Seikoin (Shingon sect Buzan school) in the north of Oanakita, and is a historic site designated by Funabashi City. Prince Shotoku Children’s Tower was built in 1932. The founder, Motoyama, means a companion who works in the mountains. Prince Shotoku is a historical figure famous as the regent of Empress Suiko, but he was believed to be the ancestor of the temple and was worshiped as the guardian deity of the people involved in the construction. The Taishi is organized by carpenters, plasterers, tatami mats, blacksmiths, and other mountain workers, and at gatherings, after worshiping Prince Shotoku’s hanging shaft, he makes wage agreements and professional agreements. It seems that it was. It used to be in Oanakita 2-chome (now on the north side of Oanashinyatsu Park), but now it has been moved to the Funabashi Folk Museum. There is a stone monument that stands quietly near Oana Junior High School. In the midst of the Pacific War, in the early morning of November 27, 1942, a set of Mitsubishi G4M land attack aircraft from Kisarazu Air Base took off for a training flight. As the aircraft approached the sky above the large hole, the aircraft crashed due to sudden changes in weather, heavy rain, and lightning strikes, and the aircraft was scattered. All seven young aviation soldiers on board were mercilessly killed. At that time, neighbors erected a monument to the mourning soldiers in mourning, but during the war, they were left in the forest in the turmoil after the war, and no one visited the grave, and they slept lonely in a foreign land. The monument was subsequently discovered by locals in 1963. After that, the surrounding area was improved by the courtesy of the landowner, and you can see the white shining monument again. The nearest station to Oana Junior High School is Shin-Keisei Electric Railway Takifudo. Opened on August 26, 1948, about 7,000 people get on and off each day. It is about 20 minutes away from Oana Junior High School. “Otakiyama Konzoji（Shingon sect Buzan school）”, which is about a 15-minute walk to the west of the station, is said to have been built in 1423 during the Muromachi period. There is Ryuzu Falls, which is the source of the Ebi River that flows into Tokyo Bay, and from there there is the name “Takifudo”. The Oana River runs just north of Oana Junior High School. The Oana River is a river that joins the Kido River. This river was inadvertently overlooked because Oana Junior High School is on a higher ground than the surrounding area, but it took a long time to reach this situation. The current Oanaminami 1-2 chome was often plagued by floods caused by torrential rains. Since there is a problem with the Oana River, there was a request from the neighborhood association, and the repair work of the Oana River was carried out from 1978 to 10 years. A photo of the renovation work in progress in 1984 and completed in 1990. Currently, Oana River seems to be invisible except for some parts. Funabashi City is located in the northwestern part of Chiba Prefecture, and is not only close to the city center and Narita Airport, but also has a very favorable location, such as Keiyo Port and a rich transportation network. It prospered as a lodging town on the Sakura Highway to worship Naritasan, and on April 1, 1945, Funabashi Town, Katsushika Town, Yasakae Village, Hoden Village, and Tsukada Village merged to form Funabashi City was born. Shortly after its birth, the Sino-Japanese War broke out, gradually becoming more wartime, and finally entered the Pacific War on December 8, 1941. Around that time, a munitions factory expanded, and the population increased rapidly along with the evacuees from Tokyo. Since 1944, Tokyo and surrounding cities have been hit by large-scale air raids, but the damage seems to have been minor. The Constitution of Japan, promulgated on November 3, 1946, guarantees local autonomy for the first time, saying that the heads and members of local public bodies are directly elected by the residents. Based on this, the first mayoral election was held in April 1947, and the Local Autonomy Law was promulgated in the same month. In 1947, the School Education Law was promulgated, compulsory education was extended from 6 to 9 years, and a new junior high school was established. Furthermore, in 1947, land reform began, and the movement for rural democratization spread. Ninomiya Town, Chiba District merged with Funabashi City in 1953, and Toyotomi Village, Chiba District merged with Funabashi City in 2017. The merger will almost double the area of the city from 38.6 km2 to 79.9 km2. At the end of the 1945’s, the process of creating the Keiyo Industrial Zone began, and in response to this, Funabashi City planned to create a factory site by landfill, and started reclamation in 1956, and in 1964, a small and medium-sized enterprise complex was created. Also, from the latter half of the 1955’s, industrial parks were created in Minami Narashino and Fujiwara. Honcho-dori, which has been the center of the city since ancient times, has been layered since 1960 and is said to be a representative of the prefecture’s shopping district. However, in the 1970s, large stores and underground shopping malls opened near Funabashi Station, and the commercial situation seems to have changed completely. In the 1975s, large-scale stores opened one after another around Tsudanuma Station, and supermarkets opened in various places, making the city one of the leading commercial cities in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Representative of Daicho Garden Mr. “Saito”: “Environmentally friendly farmer (as recognized by law)” is the “Act on Promotion of the Introduction of Sustainable Agricultural Production Methods”, Law No. 110, July 28, 1999). Enacted in the “Sustainable Agriculture Law” and enforced on October 25, the same year. “Technical certification necessary to become an eco-farmer” “Technology related to soil preparation” (application of compost, cultivation of green fertilizer crops, etc.) “Chemical fertilizer reduction technology” (use of organic fertilizer) , Local fertilization, etc.) “Chemical pesticide reduction technology” (use of biological pesticides, mechanical weeding, etc.) It is necessary to introduce (or more) one technology that corresponds to the following three categories, and they are acquired in order. We are using ripe pig droppings compost and are particular about making healthy soil. In addition, in order to avoid damage from pests, we have devised ways to avoid using pesticides as much as possible by wrapping a vinyl sheet around the roots of the trunks of young trees. Since the pear garden is adjacent to the elementary school, pesticides are used to a minimum and the plants are cultivated in consideration of the environment. Located next to Oana Kita Elementary School. The Japanese pear variety “Akizuki Pear” is a slightly Okute type red pear. Compared to existing varieties that mature after “Hosui Pear”, the fruit appearance is good and the fruit quality is excellent. The tree vigor is strong and the density of branch shoots is high. The epiphytes of short fruit branches are medium, and the epiphytes of flower buds are large. The maturity period in the breeding ground (Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture) is generally in the middle and late September, and it is harvested between “Hosui Pear” and “Niitaka Pear”, and the yield seems to be about the same as both varieties. It is resistant to black spot disease (Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype), and it is said that the conventional control of red pear is sufficient for scab and other pests. The fruits are oblate and the skin color is yellow-reddish brown. The size is about 500 g, which is smaller than “Niitaka Pear” but bigger than “Hosui Pear”. The flesh hardness is about 4 lbs（It is known that the hardness of fruits decreases as they mature and becomes the lowest toward the beginning of the harvesting period.）, which is about the same as “Hosui Pear”, and the sugar content is about 12%, which is about the same as “Hosui Pear”. The pH（It is the concentration of hydrogen ions, not the concentration of “hydrogen”.）of the juice is around 5.0, and it seems that the taste is not sour. Almost no heart rot occurs. Depending on the location and year, water-soaked pulp disorders and corkism pulp disorders may occur. The shelf life is about 10 days at room temperature of 25 ° C, which is shorter than “Niitaka Pear” and seems to be about “Hosui Pear”. When the relationship between the amount of fertilizer applied and the flesh disorder was investigated, the occurrence of cork-like disorders increased in the fertilizer-rich area (N44 kg / 10 a), and the occurrence of water immersion disorders increased in the nitrogen-free area (N0 kg / 10 a). Therefore, it is effective to reduce the nitrogen application rate in fields where many cork-like disorders occur, and to prevent nitrogen shortage by topdressing at a time when the sugar content is not affected in fields where water immersion disorders occur. It is thought that the delay in the ripening period of cork-like flesh disorder is a factor that promotes the occurrence, but it seems that the occurrence of cork-like flesh disorder can be reduced by accelerating the ripening period by spraying etephone. If the preliminary fruit thinning is delayed, the occurrence of cork-like pulp damage becomes severe, so it is presumed that it is preferable to perform the preliminary fruit thinning at an early stage（From NARO）.
Pears are cultivated in various parts of Chiba Prefecture, and various varieties are ready to eat from summer to autumn. In addition, the new variety “Akimitsuki pear” developed by Chiba Prefecture will be in season soon. Chiba K3 was named with the joy and gratitude of farmers and consumers for the pears that ripened like the full moon in the autumn harvest. Variety registration April 12, 2017, variety registration application number 25952, trademark registration June 21, 2021, trademark registration number 6404938. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries cultivar registration, the tree is standing, with medium-length branches, medium-thick branches, medium internode length, small lenticels, many short branches, and many flower buds. The size is medium, the shape of the flower bud is elliptical, the shape of the leaf blade is oval, the tip of the leaf blade is sharp, the base of the leaf blade is round, and the sawtooth shape of the leaf blade is serrated. , leaf blade length is medium, petiole length is short, petal main color is white, petal size is large, petal shape is round, number of petal notches is medium, fruit shape is Round shape, deep stem, wide stem, medium depth of calyx, slightly wide calyx, fairly large fruit size, yellow reddish brown color of fruit, large point Fruit point is dense, fruit surface is rough and smooth (limited to red pear varieties), fruit peduncle length is medium, peduncle thickness is medium, no pedicel, fruit core The shape of the fruit is a short spindle, the size of the fruit core is rather small, the color of the pulp is white, the flesh is soft, the pulp is dense, the fruit is moderately sweet, the acidity is low, and the juice is somewhat small. Seed size is medium, seed shape is oval, flowering starts late, maturity is late, no self-compatibility, no cracking of fruit. Compared to the control cultivar ‘Hosui pear’, the applied cultivar ‘Chiba K3 pear’ has more short fruit branches, a slightly smaller number of axillary flower buds, and a lower acidity of the fruit. , the maturity stage is late, etc. Compared to the control cultivar “Niitaka pear”, it is distinguished by having 6 to 7 or fewer petals, the presence or absence of pollen, and the presence or absence of cracked fruit.
In November 2014, the Funabashi pear was registered as a regional collective trademark of the Japan Patent Office. In addition, it is a famous place that has won the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award for the special prize 5 times in the “Chiba Pear Contest” that decides the best pear in Chiba Prefecture.
Based on the Act on Promotion of the Introduction of Highly Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems (abbreviated as Sustainable Agriculture Act), this is a plan to work together to improve soil and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and chemically synthesized pesticides (in principle, the fiscal year in which the target is achieved is five years). later) refers to farmers certified by the prefectural governor. As of the end of March 2022, 785 farmers in Chiba Prefecture have been certified as eco-farmers. The Sustainable Agriculture Law was enacted (2022 It was abolished at the same time as July 1, 2017). Daicho Farm uses fully-ripened pig manure compost, and seems to be particular about creating healthy soil. Also, in order to avoid damage from pests and diseases, the roots of the trunks of the young trees are wrapped in plastic sheets to avoid the use of pesticides as much as possible. Since the pear orchard is adjacent to an Oana north elementary school, pesticides are used to a minimum and the pears are cultivated with consideration for the environment.