【製品名(商品名)】
はるみ
【種類】
Citrus L.
【生産地】
愛媛県松山市, 伊予市, 東温市, 伊予郡砥部町, 松前町, 喜多郡内子町の一部（JAえひめ中央, JA全農えひめ）
【名前の由来】
I hear that it was named after the taste and aroma that predicts spring.
【主な特徴】
Fujio ISHIMOTO, who was active among the famous textile designers of the world-famous apparel brand “Marimekko” (a lifestyle brand based on Finnish design known for its original prints and colors), is Tobe Town, Iyo District, Ehime Prefecture. Born in the town, he moved to Finland in 1970 and worked as a textile designer for 32 years, four years later. After his retirement, he worked as a potter in the country’s famous kiln “Arabia”, and in September 2020, he moved from the country where he spent half a century to his hometown, Ehime. At the solo exhibition “Fujiwo Ishimoto Exhibition Fruit” being held at the gallery “Mustaki vi Kolme” in Matsuyama City, he showed off his work Fruits before returning to Japan. Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture, became the prefectural capital after the establishment of the Ehime Prefectural Government in 1873, and has grown as a political and economic center since the city system was enforced on December 15, 1889. It seems that it has played a role as a base for local culture, such as producing literary figures. In 1945, most of the city was burned down by the war, but now it has comprehensive urban functions, moved to a core city in April 2000, and merged with Hojo City and Nakajima Town in January 2005. It is the first 500,000 city in Shikoku. It extends from Nakajima in the northwestern Seto Inland Sea to the Dogo Plain formed by the Shigenobu and Ishite Rivers through the plains of the Takanawa Mountains. The climate is a warm Seto Inland Sea climate with an average annual temperature of 16.5 degrees Celsius. The annual rainfall is about 1,300 mm, and it seems that it is a summer rain type with a large amount in June and a small amount in December. Precipitation is low overall, snow cover is very small, and typhoons pass less than in Kochi and Tokushima prefectures on the Pacific side, which seems to be a mild and blessed climatic condition. “Nakajima（Oura, Awai ; Kutsuna seven islands）, Matsuyama City”, Konoura (500 m east of Konoura Bay) – 神浦龍神社横 – Yoshinori Kutsuna-Ko: 表忠碑 – It is engraved with a tribute to Seichu during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Kutsuna Scope of activity that built the golden age of the Navy : From Sanuki in the east to Iyo-nada in the west. The inscription mentions the faithfulness of the Prince Kanenaga. His real brothers were the Imperial Princes Tameyoshi / Tamenaga, his half brothers were Imperial Princes Moriyoshi / Morinaga, Kaneyoshi / Kanenaga, Noriyoshi / Norinaga (Emperor Gomurakami) -Father’s Emperor Godaigo.「忽那島開発記」及び「忽那氏系図」等 -1084年（応徳元年）, “藤原道長 公”の曾孫, 親賢（ちかかた）公を, 忽那氏の祖としている. その家系を伝える「尊卑文脈」や「公卿補任」にも, その名を見ないが, “忽那氏”を称した旨を記しているそうだ. ‘忽’は「忽ちに, 急に」そして, ‘那’は「村」を表す. 南北朝時代に, 南朝方の将として“忽那義範” 公が朝廷との縁深く登場. 1337年（延元2年）には, 後醍醐天皇第5皇子, 懐良（かねなが, かねよし）親王を征西将軍として忽那島（中島）に迎えた. 現在は柑橘農家がほとんどと聞いている. 城の台砦跡城館跡-中世, 河野様積石遺構墳墓-中世, 野忽那立場墳墓群墳墓-中世, 丸山古墳（市指定史跡）, 梅の子島砦跡（市指定史跡）城館跡-中世, 梅の子遺跡-弥生 / 中世, 梅の子本城跡（市指定史跡）城館跡中世, 中島粟井坂遺跡-縄文 / 弥生, 吉木遺跡-弥生, 神浦神社遺跡-弥生, 宮野神社遺跡-弥生 / 古墳, 宮野権現山古墳-古墳, 小長師古墳-古墳,大串遺跡-弥生 / 古墳, 大浦油田遺跡-弥生, 大浦さこの奥遺跡-弥生, 泰山堂山遺跡-弥生, 泰山城跡（市指定史跡）- 中世, むかい山遺跡-縄文, 泊古墳跡-古墳, 熊田城の山遺跡-中世, 大串古墳群-古墳, 瀬木戸古墳-古墳, かがり山1号-古墳, かがり山2号-古墳, 中山古墳（市指定史跡）, 五本松遺跡-古代, 宮浦西遺跡-弥生,宮浦遺跡-古墳・中世, 竹の浦遺跡弥生, 竹の浦西遺跡-古墳, 泊遺跡-中世, 二神家墓地遺跡-中世, 二神城の山砦跡-中世, 由利島遺跡-弥生, 由利島大谷遺跡-中世, 由利島長者屋敷遺跡-中世, 御場ヶ嶽城跡-中世, 長師遺跡-古墳 / 中世, 九多児城跡（市指定史跡）- 中世, 本山城跡（市指定史跡）-中世, 竹の上城跡-中世, 黒岩城跡-中世, 高木佐渡守館跡-中世, 旗山城跡-中世, 泊城跡-中世, 能磯砦跡-中世, 元怒和寺の下遺跡-弥生. “Iyo City”: It is located in the center of Ehime prefecture. From the southwestern part of the Dogo Plain to part of the shikoku Mountains, the northwestern part faces the splendiferous Setonai Sea. Located at the entrance of Nanyo, about 10 km from Matsuyama City, the prefecture’s capital. From Matsuyama to Ozu via the Iyo district (former Iyo city) and Nakayama district (former Nakayama town): Route 56. It is a branch point that is a coastal line from Iyo District to Futami District (former Futami Town) and Nagahama: Route 378. City flower : Brassica rapa var. amplexicaulis, Although each one is small, the appearance of blooming all over it seems to be covered with gold, and the scene is said to be overwhelming. Give some energy to those who see it towards spring. Its appearance is popular as a flower that can imagine the bright and growing city. City tree : Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et W.C. Cheng, It has left many legends and has become a fossil and is still handed down, and is famous as a memorial tree (symbol) of the city. It is cherished as a tradition and a memorial, and as a tree that can appeal the originality of the city. Utilizing abundant nature and attractive local resources while promoting the rise of the primary industry（Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, Mining: By Dr. Colin Grant Clark.）, which is the core industry. Born on April 1, 2005 by the merger of Iyo City, Nakayama Town and Futami Town. It prospered as a port town of the former Ozu clan, and has been blessed with food and climate. People in the county are said to be calm, bright and friendly, and acquaintances seem to be the same. It is said that there are still many townhouses built from the late Edo period to the early Showa period. Elegance centered around the Miyauchi family In the streets, there is nostalgia for the land of peace. “Iyo hot spring”, which is a natural hot spring, and “Goshikihama hot spring（I hear that it will be closed on December 30, 2016.）”, which is a salt bath.Legend has it that Heike（Taira family）’s princess threw herself into five color stones, Goshikihime-Kaihin -park. The town in the county along the coast is a flat land with few slopes. Historic sites of temples and shrines such as Eiyoji Temple（The end temple of Chion-in: Pure Land sect (of Buddhism)）and Daishido are scattered within 1.5 km in diameter. “Toon City” : Born on September 21, 2004 by the merger of Shigeobu Town and Kawauchi Town. Both towns were born in 1956, respectively. It seems that there is a City named in the eastern part of the vast hot spring district named after Dogo hot spring. Blessed natural environment and geographical conditions near Matsuyama City, the prefecture’s capital. It seems that it continues to develop as a garden city near the city. The Shigenobu River（Basin area 445 km2. Shigeobu Park: A park that uses the riverbed and has been developed as a recreational plaza integrated with the river space.）, which originates in the north, flows through the center of the city and is famous for its fertile land. Blessed with a waterside space full of moisture, rich in emotion.Saragamine Mountain Range Prefectural Natural Park（Southern）: It is connected to the Reihou-Ishizuchisan system（Mt. Ishizuchi, which is the highest peak in western Japan and one of the 100 famous mountains in Japan, is the center. At an altitude of 1982 m, it extends about 50 km east to west along the prefectural border between Ehime and Kochi prefectures. Rich forests with a clear vertical distribution from warm temperate to subarctic shine.Inhabited by alpine plants and wildlife, including rare endemic species. It is said that there are more than 20 mountains with an altitude of 1,500 m or more.）in the eastern part and is blessed with rich nature and beauty of the valley. Since it has many mountainous areas, there are places where there is a lot of snow and places where there is relatively little snow, but the climate is generally calm. The Setonaikai-Sea region seems to be leeward against the northwest monsoon of winter and the southeast monsoon of summer. The weather tends to be mild, with less rain and weaker winds, as rain and snow are dropped on the windward side. The area of the city is 211.3 km2. “Tobe Town, Iyo County” : Located in the center of the Prefecture, it is famous as a town with a fragrant culture and history. On January 1, 2005, Tobe Town and Hirota Village merged and were reborn. An area with strong cohesion in the living area and cultural area of the inhabitants. Industry aspects such as agriculture and forestry are also common, and it seems that educational culture and inter-regional exchanges such as sports were actively carried out. The pottery stone used as the raw material for Tobe ware（The history of the production area goes back to the Asuka period. Even today, the remains of the Sue pottery kiln, which is said to date from the 6th to 7th centuries, remain. It was in the middle of the Edo period（1775 (Anei 4)）that so-called pottery was made.As a sloping town surrounded by mountains, it seems that suitable clay will be produced. A large amount of Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc., which is used as fuel, can be obtained from the surrounding mountains, and the slopes are said to be ideal for building a climbing kiln. The ozu clan, which was in a difficult financial situation due to poor crops due to drought and a fire at the Edo clan’s residence, suggested a new industry : Development of porcelain using the scraps of Iyo whetstone, which is a special product. etc.）was collected at Hirota Village, and it is said that they have been interacting with each other for a long time. Coupled with the warm climate, we grow delicious mandarin oranges. Developed as a commuter town in Matsuyama City, the prefecture’s capital. Prefectural “To be zoo” : One of the largest in western Japan. This month’s idol animal is “Black Rhinoceros（Diceros bicornis (Linnaeus, 1758)）Fu-chan”. The symbol of play and creativity, “Ehime Child’s Castle,” and the prefecture’s general sports park are among the main attractions. In the south, you can see the mountainous areas with abundant forest resources and beautiful natural scenery. The Senba valley created by the flow of the Tamatani River running in the center and the source of pure water shine : Scenic spots such as Mt. Gongen, also known as Nishiishizuchi in Iyo: In early summer, the natural Luciola cruciata Motschulsky, 1854 dances along the river, and you can enjoy a fantastic world. Cultivation of highland vegetables and Dioscorea japonica Thunb. (1784) that take advantage of natural conditions is flourishing. The “art village” where the present, past and future are delicately entwined, such as site groups that feel the romance of ancient time, traditional culture and crafts. It borders Masaki Town and Iyo City in the west, Kumakogen Town in the east, and Uchiko Town in the south. It is an elongated terrain 9 km east-west and 21 km north-south, with an area of 101.59 km2. The northern part is a basin-like terrain where the Tobe River, which flows into the Shigenobu River, flows through the central part. The altitude rises toward the south, and it becomes a mountainous area surrounded by high peaks such as Kitagamori (Mt. Utsubuki: 1010 m) and Sangou no Tsuji (937 m). Town flower: Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. et Zucc., It has been planted since the Edo period, and is now often found in the Nanaore district, where the plum garden is located.The annual Prunus mume Festival (February 20th to March 10th) is held. It is closely related to Tobe-yaki（traditional crafts）, and it seems that many kilns are still painting with plum blossoms as the theme. Town tree: Quercus acutissima, It is a tree in the village of the former Hirota Village, and it is said that it grows naturally in Tobe Town.When charcoal production was flourishing, it was used as fuel. From around 1955, it is often used as a log of shiitake mushrooms, which is a product of the former Hirota village. Children are also popular because they drop acorns in the fall. I myself think of my childhood. “Masaki Town” : It is adjacent to Matsuyama City, the capital of the prefecture, with the Shigeobu River, which is a first-class river originating from the Ishizuchisan system, as a boundary. It is located in the southwestern part of the Dogo Plain. It faces the Sea of Iyo in the west and Iyo City in the south, overlooking the Shikoku Mountains, and is blessed with abundant nature and land. Former Masaki Town, Kitaiyo village, Okada Village merger in March 1955. It has developed steadily as a town with a good balance of industry and commerce, including agriculture that makes use of abundant water and fertile land. Welfare, education, sewerage business, road maintenance business, etc. It seems that they will actively work on various measures that are directly related to the lives of the townspeople. City area 20.41 km2 East-west 6.9 km North-south 4.0 km Climate is Setouchi Region. The countryside spreads to the east, and agricultural products such as rice, wheat, lettuce, and green onions are cultivated. The west faces the Seto Inland Sea, and I hear that the production of delicacies made by processing small fish has been the best in Japan for a long time. From the Meiji era to the 1965’s, a female fish hawker called Otatasan（Women who peddled around the houses to Matsuyama with wooden tubs and colanders called “Gorobitsu（Chest）” on their heads.Around the Keicho era, Takihime（Princess Taki）, the daughter of the monkey lord of Kyoto, was exiled and washed ashore from the port of Sakai, Senshu, to the beach in front of Iyo Masaki.）was active. In order to earn a living, he was told by local people to sell fish caught on the beach in Matsuki. “Otaki” changes to “Otata” : Town image character: 魚売婦. etc. “Uchiko Town, Kita District” : It is located in the central part of the prefecture. Born as a merger of Kita District (Uchiko / Ikazaki) and Kamiukena District (Oda): 2005,1/1. About 40 km southwest of Matsuyama City, the prefecture’s capital. In the center is the Oda River, a tributary of the Hijikawa River, a first-class river that flows into the Seto Inland Sea. Although it is a mountainous area, it is famous as a calm and scenic area. The area is 299.50 km2, the area is 30.0 km from east to west, 17.9 km from north to south, and there is little flat land, and forests occupy 77%. It has an inland climate with a slight difference in temperature from the topography of the basin, but the average temperature is about 15 degrees Celsius. The annual rainfall is about 1,500 mm to 1,600 mm, which is an area suitable for cultivation. In deciduous fruit tree persimmons, chestnuts, grapes, pears, etc. Various varieties of vegetables, from leaves to root vegetables, are produced to entertain us. During the Edo period, the foundation was set up as a production center for Japanese paper and Japan wax, and it prospered from the Meiji to Taisho eras. Japan wax brought huge wealth by exporting overseas in the Meiji era, and it is said that luxurious private houses and storehouses were built. In 1982, the private houses（It is about 3.5 ha and is lined up along the town road about 600 m）were selected as an important traditional buildings preservation district of the country. It is said that the tertiary sector of industry is the mainstream, although it is based on Agriculture. etc. Ehime Prefecture has a total area of about 5,676 km2, of which the forest area is about 4,006 km2, which occupies 71% of the total area, and the cultivated land area is 556 km2, which also occupies 9.8%. The Seto Inland Sea, which extends to the north of Ehime Prefecture, is surrounded by the Shikoku Mountains and Chugoku Mountains in the north and south, and Honshu and Kyushu in the east and west. For this reason, the coastal area of the Seto Inland Sea always hits the leeward side of the mountains against the monsoons of summer and winter, so the annual rainfall is as low as 1,100 to 1,500 mm, and the annual average temperature is around 16 degrees Celsius, which is a relatively warm semi-ocean. It has a semi-inland Setouchi climate. On the other hand, unlike the Seto Inland Sea side, the Uwa Sea coastal area and mountainous areas in the southwestern part of the prefecture have relatively high annual rainfall of 1,600 to 2,000 mm, and there is also snow in winter, and this rain and snow have little rainfall. It seems to be a valuable water resource for the coastal area of the Seto Inland Sea. From the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration homepage, application number 8726, application date, 1996/04/02, application publication date, 1999/03/12. Mating “Ponkan F-2432” to “Kiyomi Orange” (≒ It was cultivated by Citrus Okitsu No. 44), and the fruit shape is ponkan, the fruit weight is about 190 g, the skin color is orange, and it matures in late January in the growing area (Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture). It is citrus. The appearance of the tree is slightly upright, and the size and vigor of the tree are medium. The thickness of the shoots is medium, the internode length is long, and the number of thorns is small. The shape of the leaf blade is spindle-shaped, the degree of wavyness is weak, the size of the leaf blade, the height and width of the leaf blade are medium, and the sharpness of the net vein is rather clear. The shape of the wing leaves is a trace, the length of the petiole is medium, and the thickness is thick. Inflorescence formation is solitary, flower (flower bud) weight is light, petal shape is spindle-shaped, length is short, wide, color is white, number is 5, degree of pollen separation is separated , Some of the pollen is inside. Fruit shape is oblate spheroid, fruit shape index is slightly large, fruit top shape is depressed, presence or absence of radial groove and concave ring is absent, fruit stem shape is slightly concave, some radial groove is medium be. The fulfillment of the fruit core is empty, the size is large, the weight of the fruit is slightly heavy, the color of the pericarp is orange, the size of the oil vesicles is small, the density is dense, the unevenness is flat, and the rough surface of the fruit is smooth. The thickness of the pericarp and the percentage of the pericarp are medium, and the difficulty of peeling is easy. The hardness of the sac is soft, the shape of the sac is short, the size is medium, and the color is dark orange. The juice is medium, the sweetness is high, the acidity is medium, the aroma is medium, the number of seeds is small, and the number of embryos is polyembryony. The germination period and flowering period are slightly late, the maturity period is early, and it is late January in the growing area. Biennial bearing is high, floating skin fruit is medium, no fruit cracking occurs, other physiological disorders (raising) are small, and storage is medium. Compared to “Kiyomi Orange”, the shape of the fruit apex is depressed, the fruit core is rough, and the peeling is easy. It is said that distinction is recognized due to the fact that the seeds are coarse and the number of seeds is small. Registration number, 7506, Registration date, 1999/11/25, Duration of breeder’s rights, 25 years. Name of variety registrant, National Research and Development Corporation Agriculture and Food Industry Technology Research Organization, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Breeders of registered varieties, Mr. Yoshida, Mr. Yamada, Mr. Nekaku, Mr. Ueno, Mr. Ito, Mr. Yoshioka, Mr. Hidaka, Mr. Najo, Mr. Kihara, Mr. Tominaga, Mr. Ieshiro. Date of registration 1989/03/27 Duration of breeder’s rights 18 years Date of extinction of breeder’s rights 2007/03/28, Period expired. “Harumi” : I’m not the only one to imagine a lovely named like Woman. The impression is that the sugar content is relatively high, the taste is good, the skin is easily peeled off, and the skin is thin. The maturity period is January, and it is widely known as a wide-area adaptable high-quality variety that can be sold at the beginning of the year. The skin color is orange, the fruit surface is smooth, and the skin is thin and soft. I heard that there are few seeds. The tree is moderate and the tree is slightly upright. It has been loved for over 40 years since it was bred（Fruit Tree Res. Stn. Okitsu Branch）in 1979 – Harumi; Mandarin orange forest No. 12. In addition, the tree vigor is moderate, and the tree appearance is slightly upright. Biennial bearing is strong. Elsinoë fawcettii Bitancourt et Jenkins (The first onset of spring leaves seems to be faster if the rainfall is high from the germination stage to mid-April and the low temperature continues due to lack of sunshine. There is a correlation between the number of rainy days, the amount of rainfall and the sunshine time, and the average temperature from April 1st to 20th or the average temperature from April 1st to 20th, and the amount of precipitation (more rain). Xanthomonas campestris pv. Citri (Hasse) Dye (leaves, green branches, fruits) Occurs in. The lesions on the spring leaves are initially round, pale yellow, and water-soaked spots, which later expand to cork in the central part and become rough, and the circumference 0.5 mm width is water-soaked and further around. It seems to produce a fairly wide yellow halo. The lesions on the back of the leaves are also corked and rough, but it seems to be a light brown raised scab. In summer and autumn leaves, citrus leafminer often invades from wounds such as feeding damage and wind sway, so it seems that lesions generally tend to form along the wound. The petioles are also easily affected, and it seems that the leaves fall violently. In fruits and green branches, water-soaked dark green lesions are formed at first, and then cork-like and appear to be light brown raised scabs), which may be mild to moderate. Citrus tristeza virus, CTV (It is widely distributed in citrus growing areas, and it seems that it is difficult to take countermeasures in each country because it is insect-borne and has great damage. Permanent countermeasures are the development of resistant varieties. Poncirus Citrus tristeza virus: CTV- by Citrus tristeza virus: CTV- SP (It seems that stem pitting, which is a thin, short groove or streak-like depression with a brownish tinge, is formed on the woody part of the branch or trunk. Therefore, the number of dead branches increases, the tree vigor decreases, and the fruit becomes smaller and yields. The leaves are smaller and wavy. No symptoms appear on the treetops in summer and autumn. The citrus is weak in the middle and late evening, and the damage is great especially when the management is inadequate. It is poisonous but does not seem to cause any harm. Citruses carry most of the virulent strains, and the virus seems to be transmitted by the mediators (citrus tristeza, trifoliate orange). Whether or not it causes damage is the type of citrus. It seems that the degree of occurrence is mild.
It seems that it can be listed in the fruit tree cultivation technology guideline as a technology to prevent harvest time and dermatosis. Fruits are harvested before they are damaged by the cold in winter, and after storage, they are shipped with improved quality. C6H8O7 (oxidizes the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA and converts it to two molecules of CO2. Hydrogen is supplemented in the form of reduced coenzymes (3NADH2 + and FADH2). Amino acid metabolism, urea circuit Also, oxaloacetate, α-ketoglutaric acid, succinyl-CoA, fumaric acid, and citric acid are closely associated with various metabolic pathways and are white or white. Since it is colorless, easily soluble in water and resistant to heat, it is widely used as an acidulant for improving the taste of refreshing drinking water, sweets, jams, etc.) In such cases, it seems better to try to maintain soil moisture in the summer. Fruits with a high citric acid content should be harvested as late as possible. Since the floating skin is remarkable for large fruits, it seems better to perform fruit thinning mainly for the production of 2L and L grade fruits.
Impression that the fruit is one size larger than ordinary oranges. The outer skin is thick, but it can be easily peeled off by hand. The bag inside is thin and can be eaten as it is, and the juicy gizzards are solid, so the juice does not drip and the hands are not significantly soiled. The texture is fresh and fun when you taste it. Kiyomi’s juicy sweet juice and mellowness are trapped in the firm flesh of Ponkan, making it an excellent citrus fruit that has inherited the characteristics of its parents.
The “Assessment Report” states that efforts to adapt to climate change can reduce risks, improve agricultural productivity and improve health, but economic disparities are making regional differences and warming. It is highly likely that adaptation will reach its limit as the climate changes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland, United Nations Environmental Program; co-founded in 1988 by UNEP and the World Meteorological Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations) will warm the world by 1.5 degrees for the next 20 years. Face various crises. Beyond 1.5 degrees, even temporarily, the effects are even more serious, warning that some are irreversible.